Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is passive transport

A

movement of molecules down their concentration gradient, no energy needed

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2
Q

what are examples of passive transport

A

simple, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis

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3
Q

what is simple diffusion

A

allows molecules to cross the membrane w/o aid of membrane proteins

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4
Q

what is facilitated diffusion

A

allows molecules to cross the membrane with help of membrane proteins (channels/carriers)

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5
Q

what is osmosis

A

diffusion of water down its concentration gradient

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6
Q

what are the types of osmosis

A

isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic

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7
Q

isotonic

A

concentration of solutes and cell are the same

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8
Q

hypotonic

A

higher solute outside, more water inside, water moves out and shell shrivles up

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9
Q

hypertonic

A

higher solute inside and more water outside so water moves in and blows up

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10
Q

active transport

A

movement of molecules up their concentration gradient with help of energy

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11
Q

what are the two types of active transport

A

cotransport (symport) and countertransport (antiport)

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12
Q

cotransport (symport)

A

membrane transport that carries 2 substances in same direction across membrane

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13
Q

what is a good example of cotransport

A

Na+/glucose transporter (uses Na+ gradient established by Na/K pump as a source of energy) to move Na and glucose into the cell

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14
Q

countertransport (antiport)

A

membrane transport that carries one substance in one direction and another in the opposite direction

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15
Q

Endocytosis

A

energy using process by which cells import substances from the external medium

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16
Q

types of endocytosis

A

phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor mediated endocytosis

17
Q

phagocytosis

A

ingestion of large particles (microorganisms/cell debris

18
Q

pinocytosis

A

uptake of fluid and dissolved small molecules

19
Q

receptor mediated endocytosis

A

requires the receptor to bring specific molecules into the cell

20
Q

Exocytosis (secretion)

A

energy using process by which cells export substances to the extracellular environment