Chapter 5 Flashcards
A cell has a _____ and is ____ permeable
Phospholipid bilayer; selectively
____ model illustrates structure and function of plasma membrane
Fluid mosaic
A cell’s membrane is
Selectively permeable
A membrane allows
small, non-polar molecules
Molecules passing through the bilayer with no energy required
Passive transport
Non-polar and small polar molecules pass through by
Simple Diffusion
Molecules flow across a ____ from a high density do a small density
Concentration gradient
Diffusion of water across the membrane
Osmosis
Less solute
Hypotonic
More solute
Hypertonic
Balanced
Isotonic
Animal cells like to be___
Isotonic
Plant cells like to be ___
Hypotonic
Larger ions are able to pass through membrane with help from ___
Transport proteins
Passive transport with the help of transport proteins
Facilitated Diffusion
Active transport
Requires energy; against concentration gradiant
Phagocytosis
Solid energy source
Pinocytosis
Liquid energy source
Exocytosis
Exports bulky materials from cell
Endocytosis
Cells take in large molecules or fluids; has receptors
Energy
Capacity to do work
Energy that is doing the work
Kinetic energy
Stored Energy
Potential energy
ATP
Cells Energy, lots of potential energy
When ATP is being used it releases a ____ and has a lot of ___ energy
Phosphate; Kinetic
Thermodynamics
Study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter
First Law of thermodynamics
Energy can not be created or destroyed only changed from one state to another
Second Law of thermodynamics
Energy conversions lead to entropy
Reactants
Object going into a reaction
Product
Object coming out of a reaction
Endergonic Reactions
Require net input of energy
Exergonic Reaction
Reaction releases energy
Reactants have more ___ energy than products
Potential
Ea is the energy ____ required to start a reaction
input
A ___ lowers the Ea
catalyst
____ are biological catalysts
Enzymes
Enzyme Inhibitors
Block certain binding sites on enzymes
Non Competitive inhibitors
Change shape of enzyme
