Chapter 5

Question 1

Why can’t front-line operators simply follow rules for every situation they encounter

Answer 1

• because context is important and not every situation is the same

Question 2

What is it critical to define in CRM

Answer 2

• who the crew is

Question 3

Novices recognized decisions on fire scenes ________ decision point noted by a veteran, and on medical incidents the disparity was even greater, with a _______ ratio of novice decision points to veterans.

Answer 3

• three times for every one, 4:1

Question 4

CRM provides an understanding of how errors contribute to what

Answer 4

• learning

Question 5

Veterans were distracted or slowed by unimportant cues what percent of the time

Answer 5

-15

Question 6

When members have a wide-ranging experience and good communication skills, what can they better manage

Answer 6

• interactively complex situations

Question 7

What can be perilous in the dynamic and risky environment of the emergency provider

Answer 7

• Perceptions

Question 8

The degree of respect provided in respectful feedback depends on what factors

Answer 8

the makeup of the crew, the length of time they have worked together, and their operating context

Question 9

In cases where leaders are new, they must remind themselves of the overriding objective. What is that overriding objective

Answer 9

• Risk a lot to save a lot, risk a little to save little and keep your crew safe always

Question 10

Operators update their situational awareness constantly by observing what?

Answer 10

• their surroundings, evaluating their options, and communicating with those around them

Question 11

What is one of the most effective methods for advocating a position

Answer 11

• by using an assertive statement

Question 12

According to a report, what percent of patients were desaturating during facilitated intubation

Answer 12

• 57

Question 13

What kind of errors occur when an operator has the correct information, but makes a mistake in cognitively processing the information or experiences task saturation

Answer 13

• Independent individual errors

Question 14

What places an urgency on the decision making process, time becomes compressed, and teams may completely ignore cues or stimuli that would have otherwise seemed relevant

Answer 14

• Solving a crisis

Question 15

Team members who recognize that another member may be making an independent error have the reposibility to do what

Answer 15

• speak up and point out the lapse or mistake

Question 16

In a team environment what leads to shared understanding of consequences

Answer 16

• Taking a moment to prioritize tasks as a team

Question 17

What can help operators stay focused on the task(s) at hand

Answer 17

• Reducing sensory input

Question 18

How many primary components does situational awareness have

Answer 18

• three

Question 19

What is a core duty of team leaders because every team member brings particular domain expertise and must accomplish a specific task

Answer 19

• Increasing the knowledge base of team members

Question 20

Most systems designed for emeregncy response and care identify what as their primary objective

Answer 20

• safety

Question 21

This use of CRM when performing critical airway interventions in the field is an example of what

Answer 21

• best practices by an EMS organization

Question 22

When novices lost their situational awareness, what percent of the time did they then become distracted by cues they had earlier dismissed as unimportant

Answer 22

• 70

Question 23

How do team members become more apt to speak out when someone becomes overwhelmed or believes a fellow team member may have missed a cue that is important to their individual task and the team’s collective success

Answer 23

• By sharing domain experience with each other

Question 24

By taking a comprehensive approach that values expertise and flexibility and incorporates trust and respect, what can teams build

Answer 24

• cohesiveness

Question 25

Typically, what are not sensitive enough to deal with subtle variations in how a situation unfolds, and experienced and trained operators must make well-informed decisions

Answer 25

• written procedures

Question 26

When firefighters, paramedics, police officers, dispatchers, and other public safety workers use what, they rightfully believe that they are in charge of the situation and become more willing to meet goals and objectives

Answer 26

• advocacy

Question 27

What divide responsibilities among individuals and teams, allowing for effective completion

Answer 27

• Task standards

Question 28

By reducing the propensity for individual errors and practicing techniques to minimize distraction, what grows

Answer 28

• team effectiveness

Question 29

he communication model built into the task standard uses a closed feedback loop to ensure coherence and to maximize what?

Answer 29

• situational awareness