Chapter 5 Flashcards
Tissue
group of similar cells and cell products that arise from the same region of the embryo
Four Primary Tissue Types
Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscular
Organ
structure with discrete boundaries that is composed of 2 or more tissue types
Histology
microscopic anatomy, study of tissues and how they are arranged into organs
Matrix
extracellular material, composed of fibrous proteins, clear gel known as ground substance, tissue fluid, ECF, interstitial fluid, tissue gel
3 Primary germ layers
ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm
Ectoderm
outer, gives rise to epidermis and nervous system
Endoderm
inner, rise to mucous membrane lining digestive and respiratory tracts, digestive glands, among other things
Mesoderm
middle, become gelatinous tissue- mesenchyme, rise to muscle, bone, blood
Fixative
prevents decay, formalin
Histological Sections
tissue sliced into thin sections one or two cells thick
Stains
tissue is mounted on slides and artificially colored with histological stain
Epithelial Tissue
flat sheet of closely adhering cells, 1 + cells thick, upper surface usually exposed to environment or internal space of body, no room for blood vessels
Basement Membrane
layer between epithilium and underlying connective tissue, contains collagen, laminin, fibronectin, heparin sulfate
Simple Epithelia
4 types, Simple squamos, cuboidal, columnar, and pseudostratified columnar
Pseudostratified Columnar
not all cells touch free surface but every cell reaches the basement membrane
Goblet Cells
wineglass shaped mucus secreting cells in simple columnar
Simple Squamous
single row of thin cells, secretes serous fluid, alveoli, glomeruli, endothelium, and serosa
Simple Cuboidal
single layer of square or round cells, liver, thyroid, mamary, and salivary glands, bronchioles and kidney tubules
Simple Columnar
Single, row, tall narrow cells, lining of GI tract, uterus, kidney, and uterine tubes
Pseudostratified
looks multilayerd, respiratory tract and portions of male urethra
Stratified Epithilia
2-20+ layers of cells, squamous, cuboidal, columnar, and transitional, keratinized or nonkeratinized, deepest layer undergoes continuous mitosis
Stratified Squamos
keratinized or non, epidermis, palms and soles, non- tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus, vagina
Stratified Cuboidal
square or round, secretes sweat, sweat gland ducts, ovarian follicles, seminiferous tubules
Transitional Epithelium
change from round to flat when stretched, ureter and bladder
Connective tissue
binds organs together and supports and protects organs
Types of Fibrous Connective Tissue
loose- areolar, reticular and dense- regular and irregular
