Chapter 5 Flashcards
What are the two systems of the circulatory system?
Lymphatic and cardiovascular
Where does the lymphatic system transport pathogens to?
Lymph nodes
What does the circulatory system do that is unique?
It touches every other system on a cell by cell basis
What is the positive of phlebotomy?
One of the safest diagnostic methods we have.
What are capillaries?
Site at which cells exchange products of metabolism with adjoining cells
How does the cardiovascular system work with veins and arteries?
Arteries distribute blood away
From the heart and bring it back by way of veins.
What helps the blood get re-oxygenated?
The respiratory system
What are aterioles?
Last small branches of the arterial system and can dilute and contract depending on how much oxygen the tissue needs
What is coagulation?
Chemical reactions take place at the site of vascular injury to protect the vessel walls
What is it called when arteries join each other?
Bifurcation
What is it called where veins join together?
Confluence
What is the fluid between the cells of the human body known as?
Lymph
What is the left chest area called?
Thorax
What are the two upper chambers of the heart called?
Atria
What are the lower chambers of the heart called?
Ventricles
What is the outer layer of the heart called?
Epicardium
What is the middle layer of the heart called?
Myocardium
What is the epicardium do?
Contains the coronary arteries which supply the muscle of the heart with blood.
What does the myocardium do?
Responsible for the contraction of the cardiac chambers.
What is the inner layer of the heart called?
Endocardium
What does the endocardium do?
Smooth surface keeps blood from clotting.
What is a stroke?
Complete or partial obstruction of the cerebral arteries.
What is the fibrous fluid-filled sac called?
Pericardium
What is the patients right side of the heart called?
Pulmonary system
What is the patients left side of the heart called?
Systemic circulation system
What does the superior vena cava do?
Collects deoxygenated blood from the upper body of the heart
What does the inferior vena cava do?
Collects deoxygenated blood from the lower body into the heart
What is blood pressure?
The force the aqueous blood exerts on the arterial walls as the heart contracts.
In the structure of blood vessels, is the tunica externa smaller in veins than arteries?
Yes
In the structure of the blood vessels , is the tunica media smaller in veins than arteries?
Yes
In the structure of blood vessels, is the tunica intima smaller, larger, or the same in veins and arteries?
The same
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Which side of the heart is rich in oxygen?
Left
Which side of the heart is rich in carbon dioxide?
Right
What do arteries do?
Carry blood away from the heart to the capillaries
What is the largest artery in the body?
The aorta
What do veins do?
Carry blood back towards the heart for reoxygenation
What do capillary beds do?
Exchange vessels that transport gasses and nutrients to the cells of the body.
What does the lymphatic system consist of? 5
- Lymph fluid,
- lymph nodes,
- tonsils,
- spleen
- Thymus gland
What does the lymphatic system do? 3
- Maintain fluid balance in tissue by filtering blood and lymph fluids
- Provides defense against disease
- Absorbs fats and other substances from the digestive track
How does the lymphatic system play a role within the immune system?
By transporting pathogens to lymph nodes where immunity cells destroy them
What is the function of the cardiovascular system? 3
- Transport oxygen to all tissues and remove metabolic waste products
- Transport cells to aid in nourishment and immunity of the body
- Regulation of body temperature
What does the right atrium do?
Upper chamber of the heart that Collects blood from the vena cava and propels it through the tricuspid valve
What does the right ventricle do?
Propels blood into the right and left pulmonary arteries.
What does the left atrium do?
Blood is returned into the heart after oxygenation by the right and left pulmonary arteries into the upper left atrium and exits through the bicuspid valve In the aorta.
What does the aorta do?
Returns oxygenated blood back into the body
What is a heart attack?
Complete or partial obstruction in the coronary arteries.
What is the blood/heart circulation path?
Right atrium, right ventricle to the lungs. Then, left ventricle and then left atrium
What are the largest veins in the body?
Superior/inferior vena cavas
What does the cardio do?
Brings back carbon dioxide
