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Phlebotomy > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is serum potassium?

A

Potassium helps in function of cells and muscles. Relevant to cardiac
Function.

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2
Q

How much of blood is plasma? In percent?

A

55%

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3
Q

What is 45% of blood made up of?

A

Red blood cells (hemoglobin)

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4
Q

What in blood is less than 1%?

A

White blood cells/platelets

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5
Q

What is serum made up of?

A

Everything in plasma except for the clotting factor

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6
Q

What is in plasma and their percentages? (3)

A
  1. Water 90%
  2. Protein 8%
  3. Hormones 2%
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7
Q

What is included in the hormones portion of blood? (3)

A
  1. Insulin
  2. Electrolytes
  3. Nutrients
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8
Q

Why are tubes color coded?

A

Depending on the additive

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9
Q

What do anticoagulants do?

A

Prevent clotting

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10
Q

Why are tubes drawn in a particular order?

A

To prevent contaminating later tubes

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11
Q

What does CBC stand for?

A

Complete blood count

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12
Q

What is the order of the draw? 8

A
  1. Yellow SPS
  2. Light blue
  3. Gold, red tiger top, red, orange
  4. Green, green tiger top
  5. Lavender, purple
  6. White
  7. Gray
  8. Others
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13
Q

What does AC stand for?

A

Anti-coagulant

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14
Q

What is SST?

A

Used for serum blood to clot. No additives. Serum separator tube

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15
Q

What does PST stand for?

A

Plasma separator tube

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16
Q

What is creatinine?

A

Protein in the body caused by muscle breakdown. Can indicate kidney dysfunction or MS

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17
Q

What is a PTT test? What is it for?

A

Partial thromboplastin time. Monitors heparin dosages

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18
Q

What is a PT test and what is it used for?

A

Prothrombin time test. Aid in diagnosing liver

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19
Q

What is HbA1c and what does it test?

A

Hemoglobin A1c/glycated hemoglobin test/glycohemoglobin. Tests glucose

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20
Q

What do Serum chemistries do?

A

Check Chem 7. Basic metabolic panel

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21
Q

What does the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) do?

A

A measure of kidney function

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22
Q

What is aerobic?

A

Bacteria that lives in the presence of oxygen

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22
Q

What is anaerobic?

A

Bacteria that lives in the absence of oxygen.

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22
Q

What is sodium for? 6

A

Values are indication of

  1. kidney function,
  2. diet,
  3. hydration,
  4. endocrine function and various types of trauma,
  5. bleeding and
  6. water retention problems
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22
Q

What is in the Orange tube?

A

Thrombin based clot activator

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23
Q

What is in the green tube?

A

Sodium or lithium heparin

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24
Q

What is the additive for in the green top?

A

Anticoagulant

25
Q

What is the sample in the green top used for?

A

Plasma chemistry and electrolytes.

26
Q

What is a common lab test for the green top tube?

A

Lactate - plasma tube

27
Q

What is the additive for the green tiger top?

A

Lithium heparin - separation gel

28
Q

What does the separation gel of the green tiger top do?

A

Separates plasma from blood cells

29
Q

What additive is in the lavender topped tube?

A

K3EDTA (glass)

30
Q

What additive is in the purple topped tube?

A

K2EDTA (plastic)

31
Q

What type of additive is in the lavender and purple tubes?

A

Anticoagulant

32
Q

What are the samples in the lavender and purple used for?

A

CBC

33
Q

What additive is in the light blue topped tube?

A

Sodium nitrate

34
Q

What is the type of additive is in the light blue topped tube?

A

Reversible anticoagulant

35
Q

What is the sample for the light blue topped tube used for?

A

Coagulation testing; plasma

36
Q

What happens in the light blue topped tube? Notes?

A

Protects all procoagulants

37
Q

What are some common lab tests for the light blue topped tube? 4

A

PT, PTT, fibrinogen, PT/INR

38
Q

What is the yellow SPS used for?

A

Blood cultures

39
Q

What is the yellow ACD tube used for?

A

Genetic DNA testing.

40
Q

What is the sample in the black topped tube used for?

A

Erythrocytes (red blood cells) sedimentation rate

41
Q

What another name for erythrocyte sedimentation rate?

A

Westergren sedimentation rate

42
Q

What is the tan topped tube used for?

A

Testing lead levels

43
Q

What is the additive for the white tubes and what is it used for?

A

K2EDTA , separation gel

44
Q

What are the notes for the white tube?

A

Plasma based testing performed on proteins.

45
Q

What is the pink tube used for?

A

Used in blood typing

46
Q

What are the additives for the gray tube? 3

A
  1. Sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate or
  2. Sodium fluoride and Na2EDTA or
  3. Sodium fluoride
47
Q

What type additive is in the gray tube?

A

Anticoagulant

48
Q

What is the gray tube sample used for?

A

Plasma glucose testing

49
Q

What are the notes for the gray tube? 2

A
  1. Preserves glucose for 1-5 days

2. Hemolysis in partially full tubes

50
Q

What type of additive is used for the royal blue topped tube?

A

Low trace-element testing

51
Q

What is the royal blue tube used for?

A

Trace metal analysis

52
Q

What are the special instructions for the clear/light gray/red/red tiger topped tubes?

A

Discard first tube to get out air. Use second tube

53
Q

What is K2E?

A

Dipotassium salt

54
Q

What is K3E?

A

Tripotassium salt

55
Q

What is the difference between k2e and k3e?

A

One molecules

56
Q

What is N2E?

A

Disodium salt

57
Q

How many times do you invert the light blue tube?

A

3-4 times

58
Q

How many times do you invert the Orange, gold, red, red tt?

A

5-6 times

59
Q

What colors are inverted 8-10 times?

A

All others

60
Q

What is red tiger top also known as?

A

SST-serum separator tube

61
Q

What is green tiger top also known as?

A

PST-plasma separator tube

62
Q

What does CBC c mean?

A

With the differential

63
Q

What does CBC s mean?

A

Without the differential

Phlebotomy (11 decks)

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