chapter 5 Flashcards
Why do you traits such as height and skin color have such a wide variety of phenotypes
The traits are controlled by many genes
What does it mean when a trait is controlled by multiple alleles
Having three or more forms of a gene that code for single trait
List examples of human traits that are altered by the environment
Characteristics, Heights
Are sex linked traits such as colorblindness more common in males or females? Explain
Males. the male only has to carry one for the trait to show and the female has to carry two for the trait to show
Why do genetic counselors use pedigrees
It traces the inheritance of traits
What tools (more than one) would a geneticist use to predict the probability of a baby having cystic fibrosis
Pedigree charts and punnet squares
Compare the DNA of two clones
Identical
What is the purpose of the human genome project
To identify the DNA sequence of every gene in the human genome
What is a genome
All the DNA in one cell of the organism
Where are sex linked genes located
X and Y chromosomes
What technique of selective breeding would a farmer used to breed corn that grows quickly and is a perfect shade of yellow
Hybridization
What technique of selective breeding chooses parents with similar sets of alleles
Inbreeding
Many human characteristics are result of the interaction between genes and what
The environment
If a doctor wanted to see all the chromosomes in a body cell of a patient, what would he use
Karyotypes
Are there any examples of humans who would share the same DNA? If so who
Identical twins
What are the sex chromosomes of a Male? A female?
A male has a Y chromosome and an x chromosome. If female has 2 X chromosomes
What is a carrier
A person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele. And they don’t show the trait
What type of genetic engineering inserts a gene from one healthy organism into the DNA of another with a genetic disorder
Gene therapy
In a pedigree, what shape are males and what shape are females
A male is a square a female is a circle
How are carriers shown in a pedigree
They are half shaded in
How are individuals with the trait shown in a pedigree
They are completely shaded in
Effects lungs and pancreas
Cystic fibrosis
Cause is a recessive allele
Cystic fibrosis
Blood doesn’t clot appropriately
Hemophilia
The genes are located on the X chromosome making it recessive. Sex linked
Hemophilia
Effects red blood cells. Sickle shape
Sickle cell disease
Codominant
Sickle cell disease
Proteins that are produced wrong. Effects Mental capability. The way they look
Down syndrome
An extra copy of chromosome 21
Down syndrome
