Chapter 23

Question 0

What is environmental science

Answer 0

The study of natural processes in the environment and how humans can affect them

Question 1

What is the difference between a renewable and nonrenewable resource

Answer 1

Renewable– either always available or are naturally replaced in a relatively short time
Nonrenewable– natural resources are not replaced in a useful time frame

Question 2

Classify the following as a renewable or nonrenewable resource: oil, aluminum, wind, trees, coal, cattle

Answer 2

Coal oil, aluminum– non renewable

Wind, trees, cattle– renewable

Question 3

List two costs of drilling for oil in Alaska

Answer 3

Pollution and habitat destruction

Question 4

List two benefits of building a recycling center in neshannock

Answer 4

Jobs and less litter

Question 5

How are selective cutting and clear-cutting different

Answer 5

Selective cutting – cutting down only some trees in the forest and leaving a mix of tree sizes and species behind
Clear-cutting – cutting down all the trees in an area at once

Question 6

What is the definition of aquaculture

Answer 6

The practice of raising fish and other water-dwelling organisms for food

Question 7

What is the definition of a fishery

Answer 7

An area with a large population of valuable ocean organisms

Question 8

What is overfishing? What happens to the fish population if this starts to happen?

Answer 8

If fish are caught at a faster rate than they can breed. The population decreases

Question 9

Define biodiversity

Answer 9

The number of different species in an area

Question 10

What is a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

Answer 10

Keystone species

Question 11

List four threats to biodiversity

Answer 11

Pollution, poaching, habitat destruction, and the introduction of exotic species

Question 12

What is captive breeding

Answer 12

The mating of animals in zoos or wildlife preserves

Question 13

A National park is an example of what type of biodiversity protection

Answer 13

Habitat preservation

Question 14

How can biodiversity provide an economic benefit

Answer 14

Wildlife tours in rain forests, savannas, mountain ranges and other locations. Ecotourism

Question 15

How does area affect biodiversity

Answer 15

A large area will contain more species than a small area

Question 16

How does climate affect biodiversity

Answer 16

The number of species increases from the poles toward the equator. Tropical climate

Question 17

How does the diversity of niches affect biodiversity

Answer 17

The more niches there are the more biodiversity

Question 18

List the three categories of environmental issues

Answer 18

Resource use, population growth, pollution

Question 19

What is the most diverse ecosystem on earth? What factor makes it so diverse?

Answer 19

Tropical rain forests. Climate.

Question 20

What is the second most diverse ecosystem on earth? What factor makes it so diverse?

Answer 20

Tropical coral reefs. Niches.

Question 21

What is the difference between an endangered and threatened species

Answer 21

Endangered – species in danger of becoming extinct in the near future
Threatened – species that could become endangered in the near future

Question 22

What does it mean for a species to become extinct

Answer 22

The disappearance of all members of a species from earth

Question 23

What is a sustainable yield

Answer 23

An amount of renewable resources such as trees that can be harvested regularly without reducing the future supply

Question 24

What is a gene pool

Answer 24

All the possibilities that you can inherit in your traits

Question 25

Why is it an advantage for a species to have a large gene pool

Answer 25

If there is a variety odds are some species will survive

Question 26

What is habitat fragmentation? Give an example.

Answer 26

Breaking larger habitats into smaller, isolated pieces, or fragments. Building a highway through a forest.

Question 27

How has the human population change since 1650

Answer 27

Increasing at a faster rate

Question 28

What factors can account for the change in human populations since 1650

Answer 28

Improvements in medicine, agriculture, and sanitation

Question 29

Why is human population growth considered an environmental issue?

Answer 29

Taking up more space, more waste, destroying forests to build houses and buildings

Question 30

What is a monoculture? Why is a monoculture less successful than a diverse ecosystem?

Answer 30

It is the opposite of diversity it’s when there’s only one species. Because there is no variety

Question 31

What protections have humans put in place to increase biodiversity

Answer 31

Captive breeding, laws and treaties, and habitat preservation

Question 32

What is poaching

Answer 32

The illegal killing or removal wildlife from their habitats

Question 33

List two things that you can do personally to support biodiversity

Answer 33

Plant something and don’t litter

Question 34

What are strategies for managing fisheries for sustainable yield

Answer 34

Setting fishing limits, changing fishing methods, developing aquaculture techniques, finding new resources