Chapter 15 Flashcards
Where are minerals originally found? How do they get transferred to humans?
Soil and are absorbed by plants through the roots and we get the minerals by eating plant foods or animals that have eaten plants
List and define the three functions of the digestive system
Digestion – breaks down food into molecules the body can use
Absorption – the molecules are absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body
Elimination – wastes are eliminated from the body
What structure allows a small intestines to absorb large amounts of nutrients
Villi
What are the six nutrients and their roles in the body
Carbohydrates- providing energy and provide the raw materials to make cell parts
Fat – providing energy, form part of the cell membrane, fatty tissue protects and supports your internal organs,and insulates your body
Proteins – Raw materials for tissue growth and repair, and play an important part in chemical reactions within cells used as enzymes
Vitamins – help out molecules in a variety of chemical reactions in the body and help the body carry out various processes: enzymes
Minerals – needed by your body in small amounts to carry out chemical processes
Water – most important nutrient because the bodies vital processes – including chemical reactions such as the breakdown of nutrients – take place in water
Process takes place in large intestine
Water absorption
What does a calorie measure
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C
What provides the energy your body requires
Food
What substance in your mouth contains an enzyme that begins chemical digestion
Saliva
What is peristalsis? Where does it occur?
Peristalsis – involuntary waves of muscle contraction it occurs in the stomach and further down the digestive system
What substance coats and protects the inside of the stomach
Mucus
In what part of the body does most chemical digestion take place
Small intestine
What organ produces bile
Liver
What do we mean by an accessory organ in the digestive system
In organ that aids in digestion but food doesn’t pass through it
Which is the moves important of the six nutrients? Why?
Water because the bodies vital processes take place in water
Where does digestion begin
mouth
