Chapter 5 Flashcards
Covenant
A solemn binding agreement between two parties
Monotheism
One true God and his name is Yahweh
Torah
The 10 commandments or the five Books of Moses (also called the Pentateuch)
Priests
Levites descended from Aaron
Sanhedrin
The Jewish high court ( lead by the high priest)
Sadducees
A religious and political party in first century Judaism made up mostly of priestly leadership and aristocracy
Pharisees
A religious and political party that strictly adhered to purity laws and the law of Moses, but oral and written
Essenes
A Jewish sect which rigorously kept the law and lived in momastic communities. The Dead Sea scrolls were probable in their library.
Zealots
Jewish insurrectonists engaged in revolutionary activities against the Romans
Apocalyptic ism
Jewish movement beginning in the second century BC which looked to God’s imminent intervention in history to judge the wicked and reward the righteous
Davidic Messiah
Jewish expectation for an end-times king descending from David who would reign over Israel in righteousness and justice
Josephus Flavius
First-century Jewish historian, our most important extra biblical source for the history and culture of first-century Judaism
Philo
First-century Jewish philosopher whose works help us understand the convergence of Judaism and Hellenism
The Dead Sea scrolls comprise three types of literature
- sectarian literature-rules and regulations for community life, historical material
- biblical manuscript-fragments from the Old Testament
- extrabiblical literature-cannon and other Jewish literature
Apocrypha
A collection of Jewish texts written after the Old Testament period which are rejected by Protestants as authoritative Scripture but accepted by Roman Catholics and Orthodox Christians.
