Chapter 4

Question 0

Alexander the Great

Answer 0

Macedonia King whose military conquests of the eastern Mediterranean greatly advanced the process of Hellenization

Question 1

Second temple period/ intertestamental period

Answer 1

The period from the completions of the second temple built by Zerubbabel to its destruction. Approximately 516 B.C. To 70A.D.

Question 2

Hellenization

Answer 2

The spread of Greek culture and language whether by coercion( force) or natural appeal

Question 3

Ptolemies

Answer 3

The dynasty which arose in Egypt following the division of Alexander the Great’s empire 323-198 B.C.

Question 4

Seleucids

Answer 4

Dynasty that arose in Syria from Alexander the great’s deviation of the empire 198-166 B.C.

Question 5

Septuagint, LXX (70)

Answer 5

The Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures abbreviated LXX

Question 6

Diaspora

Answer 6

Dispersion, a reference to Jews living outside of Israel

Question 7

Antiochus IV “Epiphanes”

Answer 7

Seleucid ruler who provoked the Maccabean rebellion because of his attempts to force hellenization on the Jews

Question 8

Hasidim

Answer 8

Hebrew term meaning “pious ones” or “holy ones” used of those who opposed Seleucid attempts to hellenized Israel in the second century B.C.

Question 9

Abomination of desolation

Answer 9

The desecration of the temple of Jerusalem by Antiochus IV Epiphanes when he offered idolatrous sacrifices on the alter. In the Oliver Discourse, Jesus used this reference to refer to a future desecration.

Question 10

The Maccabees

Answer 10

The name given to Judas and his brothers, who liberated Israel from Seleucid rule in the second century B.C.

Question 11

Hanukkah

Answer 11

Th Jewish festival celebrating the victory of the Maccabees over Antiochus Epiphanes and the rede dictation of the temple in164 B.C.

Question 12

Hasmonean Dynasty

Answer 12

The Jewish dynasty for 167-63 B.C. established by Judas and his brother which ruled Israel following the victory of the Maccabees.

Question 13

Idumean

Answer 13

Greek form of Edomite, located in southern Palestine, ruled by the Jews during the period of the Maccabees. Descendants of Esau.

Question 14

Herod the Great

Answer 14

Idly mean ruler who ruled Israel after roman conquest of Palestine. 37-4 B.C.

Question 15

Caesar Augustus “Octavian”

Answer 15

The first true empires of Roman

Question 16

Pontius Polate

Answer 16

The roman governor of Judea from 26-36 A.D.

Question 17

Herod Antipas

Answer 17

Son of Herod the great, tetrarch of Galilee and Perea 4 B.C. -30 A.D.

Question 18

Archelaus

Answer 18

Son of Herod the great, ruled Judea until deposed by Rome 4B.C. -6 A.D.

Question 19

Pax Romana

Answer 19

A Latin term meaning “roman peace”, referring to the period of relative peace and stability established by Caesar Agustus

Question 20

Proconsul

Answer 20

A ruler of a Roman senatorial province

Question 21

Legates

Answer 21

A ruler of Roman empirical province appointed by the emperor

Question 22

Prefects or procurators

Answer 22

Roman provincial ruler of a lower rank than a proconsul of legate, example Pontius Pilate

Question 23

Jewish revolt A.D. 66-73

Answer 23

The Jewish war, revolution against Rome resulted in the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple

Question 24

Johanna BenZakkai

Answer 24

Famous first century Rabbi who established an academy for studying the law at Jamnia which is on the Mediterranean coast

Question 25

Bar Kokhba Revolt

Answer 25

Second Jewish revolt A.D. 132-135 lead by Simon Bar Koseba and resulted in the end of the Jewish state