Chapter 4 Flashcards
Alexander the Great
Macedonia King whose military conquests of the eastern Mediterranean greatly advanced the process of Hellenization
Second temple period/ intertestamental period
The period from the completions of the second temple built by Zerubbabel to its destruction. Approximately 516 B.C. To 70A.D.
Hellenization
The spread of Greek culture and language whether by coercion( force) or natural appeal
Ptolemies
The dynasty which arose in Egypt following the division of Alexander the Great’s empire 323-198 B.C.
Seleucids
Dynasty that arose in Syria from Alexander the great’s deviation of the empire 198-166 B.C.
Septuagint, LXX (70)
The Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures abbreviated LXX
Diaspora
Dispersion, a reference to Jews living outside of Israel
Antiochus IV “Epiphanes”
Seleucid ruler who provoked the Maccabean rebellion because of his attempts to force hellenization on the Jews
Hasidim
Hebrew term meaning “pious ones” or “holy ones” used of those who opposed Seleucid attempts to hellenized Israel in the second century B.C.
Abomination of desolation
The desecration of the temple of Jerusalem by Antiochus IV Epiphanes when he offered idolatrous sacrifices on the alter. In the Oliver Discourse, Jesus used this reference to refer to a future desecration.
The Maccabees
The name given to Judas and his brothers, who liberated Israel from Seleucid rule in the second century B.C.
Hanukkah
Th Jewish festival celebrating the victory of the Maccabees over Antiochus Epiphanes and the rede dictation of the temple in164 B.C.
Hasmonean Dynasty
The Jewish dynasty for 167-63 B.C. established by Judas and his brother which ruled Israel following the victory of the Maccabees.
Idumean
Greek form of Edomite, located in southern Palestine, ruled by the Jews during the period of the Maccabees. Descendants of Esau.
Herod the Great
Idly mean ruler who ruled Israel after roman conquest of Palestine. 37-4 B.C.
Caesar Augustus “Octavian”
The first true empires of Roman
Pontius Polate
The roman governor of Judea from 26-36 A.D.
Herod Antipas
Son of Herod the great, tetrarch of Galilee and Perea 4 B.C. -30 A.D.
Archelaus
Son of Herod the great, ruled Judea until deposed by Rome 4B.C. -6 A.D.
Pax Romana
A Latin term meaning “roman peace”, referring to the period of relative peace and stability established by Caesar Agustus
Proconsul
A ruler of a Roman senatorial province
Legates
A ruler of Roman empirical province appointed by the emperor
Prefects or procurators
Roman provincial ruler of a lower rank than a proconsul of legate, example Pontius Pilate
Jewish revolt A.D. 66-73
The Jewish war, revolution against Rome resulted in the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple
