Chapter 4 Flashcards

0
Q

Alexander the Great

A

Macedonia King whose military conquests of the eastern Mediterranean greatly advanced the process of Hellenization

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1
Q

Second temple period/ intertestamental period

A

The period from the completions of the second temple built by Zerubbabel to its destruction. Approximately 516 B.C. To 70A.D.

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2
Q

Hellenization

A

The spread of Greek culture and language whether by coercion( force) or natural appeal

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3
Q

Ptolemies

A

The dynasty which arose in Egypt following the division of Alexander the Great’s empire 323-198 B.C.

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4
Q

Seleucids

A

Dynasty that arose in Syria from Alexander the great’s deviation of the empire 198-166 B.C.

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5
Q

Septuagint, LXX (70)

A

The Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures abbreviated LXX

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6
Q

Diaspora

A

Dispersion, a reference to Jews living outside of Israel

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7
Q

Antiochus IV “Epiphanes”

A

Seleucid ruler who provoked the Maccabean rebellion because of his attempts to force hellenization on the Jews

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8
Q

Hasidim

A

Hebrew term meaning “pious ones” or “holy ones” used of those who opposed Seleucid attempts to hellenized Israel in the second century B.C.

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9
Q

Abomination of desolation

A

The desecration of the temple of Jerusalem by Antiochus IV Epiphanes when he offered idolatrous sacrifices on the alter. In the Oliver Discourse, Jesus used this reference to refer to a future desecration.

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10
Q

The Maccabees

A

The name given to Judas and his brothers, who liberated Israel from Seleucid rule in the second century B.C.

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11
Q

Hanukkah

A

Th Jewish festival celebrating the victory of the Maccabees over Antiochus Epiphanes and the rede dictation of the temple in164 B.C.

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12
Q

Hasmonean Dynasty

A

The Jewish dynasty for 167-63 B.C. established by Judas and his brother which ruled Israel following the victory of the Maccabees.

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13
Q

Idumean

A

Greek form of Edomite, located in southern Palestine, ruled by the Jews during the period of the Maccabees. Descendants of Esau.

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14
Q

Herod the Great

A

Idly mean ruler who ruled Israel after roman conquest of Palestine. 37-4 B.C.

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15
Q

Caesar Augustus “Octavian”

A

The first true empires of Roman

16
Q

Pontius Polate

A

The roman governor of Judea from 26-36 A.D.

17
Q

Herod Antipas

A

Son of Herod the great, tetrarch of Galilee and Perea 4 B.C. -30 A.D.

18
Q

Archelaus

A

Son of Herod the great, ruled Judea until deposed by Rome 4B.C. -6 A.D.

19
Q

Pax Romana

A

A Latin term meaning “roman peace”, referring to the period of relative peace and stability established by Caesar Agustus

20
Q

Proconsul

A

A ruler of a Roman senatorial province

21
Q

Legates

A

A ruler of Roman empirical province appointed by the emperor

22
Q

Prefects or procurators

A

Roman provincial ruler of a lower rank than a proconsul of legate, example Pontius Pilate

23
Q

Jewish revolt A.D. 66-73

A

The Jewish war, revolution against Rome resulted in the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple

24
Q

Johanna BenZakkai

A

Famous first century Rabbi who established an academy for studying the law at Jamnia which is on the Mediterranean coast

25
Q

Bar Kokhba Revolt

A

Second Jewish revolt A.D. 132-135 lead by Simon Bar Koseba and resulted in the end of the Jewish state