chapter 5 Flashcards
three stage birth process
First stage: begins when contractions are 10 to 15 min apart, and endes when cervix is fully dialated
Second stage: begins when fetus head passes through cervix and ends when baby has emerged
Third stage: placenta has been expelled
Apgar test
A ppearance
P ulse
G rimace
A ctivity
R espiratory
given right after birth
- five characteristics are rated 0,1,2
heart rate
respiratory effort
muscle tone
colour
reflex irritability
Home births
-offers more social support
-accompanied by a certified midwife
-less reliance on labour and delivery medication
Emotional Bonding( Klaus and Kennell, 1976)
first 6-12 hours are sensitive period for emotional bonding
postpartum blues
mothers may find themselves elated one minute and then moody the next, as well as tearful, irritable, tired and confused
postpartum depression
strong feelings of sadness, resentment, and despair that may appear shortly after birth and can linger for months
anoxia
oxygen deprivation
-high risk with breech position
-prolonged anoxia more neurologically damaging than mild anoxia
low birth weight (<2500g)
preterm: born 3+ weeks before due date
small-for-date: slow growth and serious underweight( higher risk then premie)
-more likely to die during first year or show signs of brain damage
autostimulation theory
active REM sleep early in life provides fetuses and infants who sleep often with enough internal stimulation to allow their nervous system to develop properly
SIDS is an unexpected and unexplained death of a seemingly healthy infant during sleep
how to reduce incidences of sids
1. place infants on their back to sleep
2. don’t place on soft surfaces
3. keep soft materials away
4. don’t over heat the room
5. smoke free zone
6. breastfeed when possible
why do babies cry
unlearned and involuntary responses to discomfort by which they make care givers aware of their needs.
