chapter 5 Flashcards
stereochemistry
the study. of the 3D structure of molecules
constitutional isomers
structural isomers - differ in bonding sequence, atoms connected differently
2 type of isomers
constitutional and stereoisomers
stereoisomers
same bonding sequence, differ in orientation of atoms in space
what does chiral mean
handed
enantiomer
non superimposable mirror-image molécules
do enantiomers have the same or different physical properties
same
polarimetry
common method used to distinguish between enantiomers, based on their ability to rotate the plane of polarized light in opposite directions
dextrorotatory (+)
compounds that rotate the plane of polarized light toward the right
levorotatory (-)
compounds that rotate to the left (counterclockwise)
racemic mixture
both chiral products mixed
is a racemic mixture in equal parts optically active?
no
diastereomers
stereoisomers that are not mirror images
what was first used to find the orientation of atoms in space
X-ray crystallography
do diastereomers have same or different physical properties
different
