Chapter 5

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

capacity to do work

Question 2

Biofuels

Answer 2

renewable fuels made from living organisms

Question 3

Fossil Fuels

Answer 3

carbon-rich energy sources that are formed from the compressed, fossilized remains of once-living organisms

Question 4

Chemical Energy

Answer 4

potential energy stored in the bonds of biological molecules

Question 5

Conservation of Energy

Answer 5

energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 6

Potential Energy

Answer 6

stored energy

Question 7

Kinetic Energy

Answer 7

energy of motion or movement

Question 8

Heat

Answer 8

kinetic energy generated by random movements of molecules or atoms

Question 9

Autotrophs

Answer 9

organisms that can make their own food from inorganic starting materials

Question 10

Heterotrophs

Answer 10

organisms that obtain energy by consuming organic molecules that were produced by other organisms

Question 11

Chloroplast

Answer 11

organelle in a plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

Question 12

Light Energy

Answer 12

a type of electromagnetic radiation that includes visible light

Question 13

Photons

Answer 13

packets of light energy, each with a specific wavelength and quantity of energy

Question 14

Chlorophyll

Answer 14

pigment present in the green parts of plants that absorbs photons of light energy during “photo” reactions in photosynthesis

Question 15

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 15

the molecules in cells that powers energy-requiring functions

Question 16

Carbon Fixation

Answer 16

conversion of inorganic carbon into organic forms (glucose)

Question 17

Rubisco

Answer 17

enzyme responsible for the first step of carbon fixation