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Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Infection prevention

A

Measures practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease

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2
Q

Microorganism (MO)

A

A living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only through a microscope; also called microbe

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3
Q

Infections

A

The state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying

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4
Q

Pathogens

A

Microorganisms that are capable of causing infection and disease

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5
Q

Localized infection

A

An infection that is limited to a specific location in the body Ave has local symptoms

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6
Q

Systemic infection

A

An infection that is in the bloodstream and is dead throughout the body, causing general symptoms

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7
Q

Healthcare-associated infection (HAI)

A

An infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care

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8
Q

Chain of infection

A

A way of describing how disease is transmitted from one living being to another

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9
Q

Causative agent

A

A pathogen or microorganism that causes disease

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10
Q

Reservoir

A

A place where the pathogen lives and grows

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11
Q

Portal of exit

A

Any body opening on an infected person that shows pathogens to leave

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12
Q

Mode of transmission

A

Method of describe how a pathogen travels from one person to the next person

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13
Q

Direct contact

A

Touching an infected person or his secretions

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14
Q

Indirect contact

A

Touching something contained by an infected person

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15
Q

Portal of entry

A

Any body opening on an infected person that slows pathogens to enter.

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16
Q

Mucous membranes

A

Membranes that line body cavities, such as the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, and genitals

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17
Q

Susceptible host

A

An uninflected person ego could get sick

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18
Q

Translation

A

Passage or transfer

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19
Q

Infectious

A

Contagious

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20
Q

Medical asepsis

A

Practices such as hand washing that reduce, remove, abs control the forward of microorganisms

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21
Q

Surgical asepsis

A

The state of being free of all micrograms; also called sterile technique

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22
Q

Malnutrition

A

Poor nutrition due to improper diet

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23
Q

Dehydration

A

A condition that results from inadequate fluid in the body

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24
Q

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A

A federal government agency that makes roles to protect workers from hazards on the job

25
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
A government agency under the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that issues information to protect the health of individuals and communities
26
Isolate
To keep something separate, or by itself
27
Standard Precautions
A method of infection control in which all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucus membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease
28
Sharps
Needles or other sharp objects
29
Hand Hygiene
Washing hands with either plain or antiseptic soap abs water and using alcohol based hand rubs
30
Antimicrobial
An agent that destroys, resists, or prevents the development of pathogens
31
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Equipment the helps protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards
32
Don
To put on
33
Doff
To remove
34
Perineal Care
Care of the genitals and anal area
35
Non-intact soon
Soon that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, acne, pimples, or boils
36
Biodegradable
Capable of breaking down or being decomposed by bacterial or other living organisms
37
Clean
In health care, a condition in which objects are not contaminated with pathogens
38
Dirty
In health care, a condition in which objects have been contaminated with pathogens
39
Disinfection
Process that kills pathogens, but not all pathogens; it reduces the pathogens count to a level that is considered non infectious
40
Sterilization
A method used to decrease the spread of pathogens and disease by destroying all microorganisms, including those that form spores
41
Disposable
Only to be used once and then discarded
42
Transmission-Based Precautions
Method of infection prevention used when caring for persons who are infected or suspected of being infected with a disease
43
Multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDROs)
Microorganisms, mostly bacteria, that are resistant to one or more microbial agents
44
Blood borne pathogens
Microorganisms found in human blood that can cause infection and disease in humans
45
HIV
The virus that attacks the body’s immune systems and gradually disables it; eventually can cause AIDS
46
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma
47
Jaundice
A condition in which the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes appear yellow
48
Blood borne Pathogens Standard
Federal law that requires that healthcare facilities protect employees from blood borne health hazards
49
Exposure control plan
Plan designed to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to infectious material
50
Tuberculosis (TB)
A highly contagious lung disease caused by a bacterium that is carried on mucus droplets suspended in the air
51
Latent TB infection
Type on tuberculosis in such the person carries the disease but does not show symptoms and cannot infect others
52
TB disease
Type of tuberculosis in which the person shows symptoms of the disease and can spread TB to others
53
Multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB)
A type of tuberculosis that can develop when a person with active TB does not take all the prescribed medication
54
Resistant
State in which drugs no longer work to kill specific bacteria
55
Phlegm
Thick mucus from the respiratory passage
56
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)
An infection caused by specific bacteria that have become resistant to many antibiotics
57
VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococcus)
A genetically changed strain of enterococcus that originally developed in people who were exposed to the antibiotic vancomycin
58
Clostridium difficile (C. diff, C. difficile)
Bacterial illness that can cause diarrhea and colitis; spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill

NA Vocab (24 decks)

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