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NA Vocab > Chapter 18 > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

Acute illness

A

An illness that has severe symptoms, is treated immediately, and is usually short–term

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2
Q

Chronic illness

A

A disease or condition that is long-term or long-lasting and requires management of symptoms

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3
Q

Scabies

A

Contagious skin infection caused by a tiny might borrowing into the skin, where it lays eggs; causes intense itching and a skin rash that may look like thin borrow tracks

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4
Q

Shingles

A

Non-contagious skin rash caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which is the same virus that causes chickenpox; causes pain, tingling, itching, and a rash of fluid-filled blisters

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5
Q

Wound

A

A type of injury to the skin

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6
Q

Dermatitis

A

An inflammation of the skin causing swollen, reddened, irritated, and itchy skin

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7
Q

Inflamation

A

 swelling

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8
Q

 arthritis

A

A general term that refers to inflammation of the joints; causes stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility

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9
Q

Autoimmune illness

A

An illness in which the body’s immune system attacks normal tissue in the body

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10
Q

 osteoarthritis

A

A common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine; also called degenerative joint disease (DJD) or degenerative arthritis

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11
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

A type of arthritis in which joints become inflamed, red, swollen, and very painful, resulting in restricted movement and possible deformities

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12
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle

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13
Q

Closed fracture

A

A bone that penetrates the skin; also known as a compound fracture

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14
Q

Partial weight-bearing (PWB)

A

A doctor‘s order stating that a person is able to support some body weight on one or both legs

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15
Q

Non-weight bearing (NWB)

A

A doctor‘s order stating that a person is unable to touch the floor or support any body weight on one or both legs

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16
Q

Full weight-bearing (FWB)

A

A doctor‘s order stating that a person has the ability to support full body weight (100%) on both legs

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17
Q

Prosthesis

A

A device that replaces a body part that is missing or deformed because of an accident, injury, illness, or birth defect; used to improve a person’s ability to function and/or his appearance

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18
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

An inherited, progressive disease that causes a gradual wasting of muscle, weakness, and deformity

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19
Q

Amputation

A

The removal of some or all of a body part, usually a foot, hand, arm, or leg

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20
Q

Phantom sensation

A

Warmth, itching, or tingling from a body part that has been amputated

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21
Q

Phantom limb pain

A

Pain in a limb (or extremity) that has been amputated

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22
Q

Complementary medicine

A

Treatments that are used in addition to the conventional treatments prescribed by a doctor

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23
Q

Alternative medicine

A

Practices and treatments used instead of conventional methods

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24
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

A progressive disease that causes the brain to degenerate; causes stooped posture, shuffling gait, pill-rolling, and tremors

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25
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
A progressive disease of the nervous system in which the protective covering for the nerves, spinal cord, and white matter of the brain breaks down overtime; without this covering, nerves cannot send messages to and from the brain in a normal way
26
Paraplegia 
Loss of function of the lower body and legs
27
Quadriplegia
Loss of function of the legs, trunk, and arms
28
Epilepsy
An illness of the brain that produces seizures
29
Cataracts
A condition in which milky or cloudy spots develop in the eye, causing vision loss
30
Glaucoma
A condition in which the fluid inside the eyeball is unable to drain; increased pressure inside the eye causes damage that often leads to blindness
31
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
A condition in which the macula  deteriorates, causing vision loss
32
Hypertension (HTN)
High blood pressure, measuring 140/90 or higher
33
Atherosclerosis
Hardening and narrowing of the blood vessels
34
Angina pectoris
Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort
35
Nitroglycerin
Medication that helps to relax the walls of the coronary arteries, allowing them to open and get more blood to the heart; comes in tablet, patch, or spray form
36
Myocardinal infarction (MI)
A condition that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen because blood vessels are blocked; also called a heart attack
37
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
A condition in which the heart is no longer able to pump effectively; blood backs up into the heart instead of circulating
38
Peripheral vacular disease (PVD)
A disease in which the legs, feet, arms, or hands do not have enough blood circulation due to fatty deposits in the blood vessels that harden overtime
39
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
The chronic, incredible lung disease that causes difficulty breathing
40
Bronchitis
An irritation and inflammation of the lining of the bronchi
41
Emphysema
A chronic disease of the lungs that usually develops as a result of chronic bronchitis and smoking
42
 pneumonia
A bacterial, viral, or fungal infection that causes acute inflammation in a portion of lung tissue
43
Asthma
A chronic inflammatory disease that causes difficulty with breathing and coughing and wheezing
44
Bronchiectasis
Condition in which the bronchial tubes are permanently enlarged, causing chronic coughing and thick sputum; may be result of chronic infections and inflammation
45
Upper respiratory infection (URI)
A bacterial or viral infection of the nose, sinuses, and throat; commonly called cold
46
 Lung cancer
The development of abnormal cells or tumors in the lungs
47
Tuberculosis (TB)
A highly contagious lung disease caused by a bacterium that is carried on mucus droplets suspended in the air
48
Diabetes
A condition in which the pancreas does not produce enough or does not properly use insulin
49
Insulin
A hormone that converts glucose into energy for the body
50
Glucose
Natural sugar
51
Type 1 diabetes
Type of diabetes in which the pancreas does not produce any insulin; is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and will continue throughout a person’s life
52
Type 2 diabetes
Common form of diabetes in which either the body does not produce enough insulin or the body fails to properly use insulin; typically develops after age 35 and is the milder form of diabetes
53
Pre-diabetes
A condition that occurs when a person‘s blood glucose levels are above normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
54
Gestational diabetes
Type of diabetes that appears in pregnant women who have never had diabetes before but who have high glucose levels during pregnancy
55
Hyperthyroidism
Condition in which the thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone, causing the cells to burn too much food
56
Hypothyroidism
Condition in which the thyroid produces too little thyroid hormone, causing the body processes to slow down; weight gain and physical and mental sluggishness result
57
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Infections caused by sexual contact with infected people; signs and symptoms are not always apparent
58
Chlamydia
Type of sexually-transmitted infection that is caused by organisms introduced into the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract
59
Syphilis
A type of sexually-transmitted infection caused by bacteria; if left untreated, it can cause brain damage, mental illness, and death
60
Chancres 
Open sores 
61
Gonorrhea
A type of sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria; if left untreated, it can cause blindness, joint infection, and sterility in both men and women
62
Genital herpes
And incurable type of sexually transmitted infection that is caused by herpes simplex viruses type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2)
63
Benign prostatic hypertrophy
A disorder that occurs in men as they age, in which the prostate becomes enlarged and causes pressure on the urethra, leading to frequent urination, dribbling of urine, difficulty in starting the flow of urine, and urinary retention
64
Vaginitis 
An infection of the vagina that may be caused by bacteria, protozoa (one-celled animals), or fungus (yeast)
65
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
The final stage of HIV infection, in which infections, tumors, and central nervous system symptoms appear due to a weakened immune system that is unable to fight infection
66
AIDS dementia complex
A group of symptoms, including memory loss, poor coordination, paralysis, and confusion, that appear together in the late stages of AIDS 
67
Kaposi’s sarcoma
A rare form of skin cancer that appears as purple or red skin lesions
68
Opportunistic infections
Infections that invade the body when the immune system is weak and unable to defend itself
69
Neuropathy
Numbness, tingling, and pain in the feet and legs
70
Cancer
General term to describe a disease in which abnormal cells grow in an uncontrolled way
71
Tumor
A cluster of abnormally-growing cells
72
Benign tumor
Tumors that are considered non-cancerous
73
Malignant tumor
Tumors that are considered cancerous
74
Mastectomy
The surgical removal of all or part of the breast and sometimes other surrounding tissue

NA Vocab (24 decks)

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