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NA Vocab > Chapter 18 > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

Acute illness

A

An illness that has severe symptoms, is treated immediately, and is usually short–term

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2
Q

Chronic illness

A

A disease or condition that is long-term or long-lasting and requires management of symptoms

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3
Q

Scabies

A

Contagious skin infection caused by a tiny might borrowing into the skin, where it lays eggs; causes intense itching and a skin rash that may look like thin borrow tracks

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4
Q

Shingles

A

Non-contagious skin rash caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which is the same virus that causes chickenpox; causes pain, tingling, itching, and a rash of fluid-filled blisters

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5
Q

Wound

A

A type of injury to the skin

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6
Q

Dermatitis

A

An inflammation of the skin causing swollen, reddened, irritated, and itchy skin

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7
Q

Inflamation

A

 swelling

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8
Q

 arthritis

A

A general term that refers to inflammation of the joints; causes stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility

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9
Q

Autoimmune illness

A

An illness in which the body’s immune system attacks normal tissue in the body

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10
Q

 osteoarthritis

A

A common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine; also called degenerative joint disease (DJD) or degenerative arthritis

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11
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

A type of arthritis in which joints become inflamed, red, swollen, and very painful, resulting in restricted movement and possible deformities

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12
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle

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13
Q

Closed fracture

A

A bone that penetrates the skin; also known as a compound fracture

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14
Q

Partial weight-bearing (PWB)

A

A doctor‘s order stating that a person is able to support some body weight on one or both legs

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15
Q

Non-weight bearing (NWB)

A

A doctor‘s order stating that a person is unable to touch the floor or support any body weight on one or both legs

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16
Q

Full weight-bearing (FWB)

A

A doctor‘s order stating that a person has the ability to support full body weight (100%) on both legs

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17
Q

Prosthesis

A

A device that replaces a body part that is missing or deformed because of an accident, injury, illness, or birth defect; used to improve a person’s ability to function and/or his appearance

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18
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

An inherited, progressive disease that causes a gradual wasting of muscle, weakness, and deformity

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19
Q

Amputation

A

The removal of some or all of a body part, usually a foot, hand, arm, or leg

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20
Q

Phantom sensation

A

Warmth, itching, or tingling from a body part that has been amputated

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21
Q

Phantom limb pain

A

Pain in a limb (or extremity) that has been amputated

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22
Q

Complementary medicine

A

Treatments that are used in addition to the conventional treatments prescribed by a doctor

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23
Q

Alternative medicine

A

Practices and treatments used instead of conventional methods

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24
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

A progressive disease that causes the brain to degenerate; causes stooped posture, shuffling gait, pill-rolling, and tremors

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25
Q

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

A

A progressive disease of the nervous system in which the protective covering for the nerves, spinal cord, and white matter of the brain breaks down overtime; without this covering, nerves cannot send messages to and from the brain in a normal way

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26
Q

Paraplegia 

A

Loss of function of the lower body and legs

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27
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Loss of function of the legs, trunk, and arms

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28
Q

Epilepsy

A

An illness of the brain that produces seizures

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29
Q

Cataracts

A

A condition in which milky or cloudy spots develop in the eye, causing vision loss

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30
Q

Glaucoma

A

A condition in which the fluid inside the eyeball is unable to drain; increased pressure inside the eye causes damage that often leads to blindness

31
Q

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

A

A condition in which the macula  deteriorates, causing vision loss

32
Q

Hypertension (HTN)

A

High blood pressure, measuring 140/90 or higher

33
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Hardening and narrowing of the blood vessels

34
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort

35
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Medication that helps to relax the walls of the coronary arteries, allowing them to open and get more blood to the heart; comes in tablet, patch, or spray form

36
Q

Myocardinal infarction (MI)

A

A condition that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen because blood vessels are blocked; also called a heart attack

37
Q

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

A condition in which the heart is no longer able to pump effectively; blood backs up into the heart instead of circulating

38
Q

Peripheral vacular disease (PVD)

A

A disease in which the legs, feet, arms, or hands do not have enough blood circulation due to fatty deposits in the blood vessels that harden overtime

39
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

The chronic, incredible lung disease that causes difficulty breathing

40
Q

Bronchitis

A

An irritation and inflammation of the lining of the bronchi

41
Q

Emphysema

A

A chronic disease of the lungs that usually develops as a result of chronic bronchitis and smoking

42
Q

 pneumonia

A

A bacterial, viral, or fungal infection that causes acute inflammation in a portion of lung tissue

43
Q

Asthma

A

A chronic inflammatory disease that causes difficulty with breathing and coughing and wheezing

44
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Condition in which the bronchial tubes are permanently enlarged, causing chronic coughing and thick sputum; may be result of chronic infections and inflammation

45
Q

Upper respiratory infection (URI)

A

A bacterial or viral infection of the nose, sinuses, and throat; commonly called cold

46
Q

 Lung cancer

A

The development of abnormal cells or tumors in the lungs

47
Q

Tuberculosis (TB)

A

A highly contagious lung disease caused by a bacterium that is carried on mucus droplets suspended in the air

48
Q

Diabetes

A

A condition in which the pancreas does not produce enough or does not properly use insulin

49
Q

Insulin

A

A hormone that converts glucose into energy for the body

50
Q

Glucose

A

Natural sugar

51
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

Type of diabetes in which the pancreas does not produce any insulin; is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and will continue throughout a person’s life

52
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

Common form of diabetes in which either the body does not produce enough insulin or the body fails to properly use insulin; typically develops after age 35 and is the milder form of diabetes

53
Q

Pre-diabetes

A

A condition that occurs when a person‘s blood glucose levels are above normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes

54
Q

Gestational diabetes

A

Type of diabetes that appears in pregnant women who have never had diabetes before but who have high glucose levels during pregnancy

55
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Condition in which the thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone, causing the cells to burn too much food

56
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Condition in which the thyroid produces too little thyroid hormone, causing the body processes to slow down; weight gain and physical and mental sluggishness result

57
Q

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

A

Infections caused by sexual contact with infected people; signs and symptoms are not always apparent

58
Q

Chlamydia

A

Type of sexually-transmitted infection that is caused by organisms introduced into the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract

59
Q

Syphilis

A

A type of sexually-transmitted infection caused by bacteria; if left untreated, it can cause brain damage, mental illness, and death

60
Q

Chancres 

A

Open sores 

61
Q

Gonorrhea

A

A type of sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria; if left untreated, it can cause blindness, joint infection, and sterility in both men and women

62
Q

Genital herpes

A

And incurable type of sexually transmitted infection that is caused by herpes simplex viruses type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2)

63
Q

Benign prostatic hypertrophy

A

A disorder that occurs in men as they age, in which the prostate becomes enlarged and causes pressure on the urethra, leading to frequent urination, dribbling of urine, difficulty in starting the flow of urine, and urinary retention

64
Q

Vaginitis 

A

An infection of the vagina that may be caused by bacteria, protozoa (one-celled animals), or fungus (yeast)

65
Q

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

The final stage of HIV infection, in which infections, tumors, and central nervous system symptoms appear due to a weakened immune system that is unable to fight infection

66
Q

AIDS dementia complex

A

A group of symptoms, including memory loss, poor coordination, paralysis, and confusion, that appear together in the late stages of AIDS 

67
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

A rare form of skin cancer that appears as purple or red skin lesions

68
Q

Opportunistic infections

A

Infections that invade the body when the immune system is weak and unable to defend itself

69
Q

Neuropathy

A

Numbness, tingling, and pain in the feet and legs

70
Q

Cancer

A

General term to describe a disease in which abnormal cells grow in an uncontrolled way

71
Q

Tumor

A

A cluster of abnormally-growing cells

72
Q

Benign tumor

A

Tumors that are considered non-cancerous

73
Q

Malignant tumor

A

Tumors that are considered cancerous

74
Q

Mastectomy

A

The surgical removal of all or part of the breast and sometimes other surrounding tissue

NA Vocab (24 decks)

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