Chapter 47

Question 1

Eyes 2/3 years

Answer 1

20/50

Question 2

Eyes 6-7

Answer 2

20/20

Question 3

Eyes of a newborn

Answer 3

• Visual acuity is 20/100 to 20/400
• Lens cannot accommodate, so they see best at a distance of 8 inches
• Optic nerve myelinating, so ability to distinguish colors and detail is decreased
• Eye color changes during first 6 months of life

Question 4

Ear autonomy of child

Answer 4

•Eustachian tube in infants is proportionately shorter, wider, and more horizontal than in children and adults

Question 5

What happens to ear when mouth opens

Answer 5

• During sucking or yawning, the tube briefly opens, allowing free passage from the nasopharynx and middle ear
• This passage predisposes infants to otitis media
• Over time, Eustachian tube becomes more “adult like”

Question 6

Up to what age are infant breath out of there nose

Answer 6

6 months

Question 7

Tonsils are usually what size and decrease in size at what age

Answer 7

Large and decrease at 10 years

Question 8

Tooth rule

Answer 8

First tooth age 6 month

First tooth lost 6 years

Question 9

Conjunctivitis is

Answer 9

Pink eye

Question 10

Astigmatism

Answer 10

Curve in the cornea

Cross eye

Question 11

Blind children tend to have

Answer 11

Blank stares and faces

Question 12

Communicating with a deaf child who can read lips

Answer 12

Position your face 3-6 ft away

Question 13

Infection of eyelid and surrounding tissues

Usually bacterial – an emergency

Answer 13

Cellulitis (Periorbital)

Question 14

Strabismus

Answer 14

crossed eyed

Question 15

Amblyopia

Answer 15

lazy eye

Question 16

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)

Answer 16

Retina normally vascularizes around 8 months gestation
In ROP, immature blood vessels in retina constrict and necrose.
Result: visual impairment to complete vision loss
Minimize exposure to light, titrate oxygen closely

Question 17

Inflammation with or without infection of the middle ear

caused by

Answer 17

otitis media

Eustachian tube dysfunction

Question 18

Inflammation of skin and soft tissues of the ear

Answer 18

otitis externa
swimmers ear
easly infected

Question 19

otitis externa can cause

Answer 19

delayed language

hearing loss

Question 20

with deaf child postion face

Answer 20

3-6 inches away from face

Question 21

Common cold” or “upper respiratory infection

Answer 21

Nasopharyngitis

Question 22

treatment of Nasopharyngitis

Answer 22

Treatment
Nose drops
Humidify room
Antipyretics
Do not use cold or cough products in children less than 2 years of age

Question 23

Inflammation of one or more of the paranasal sinuses

Answer 23

Sinusitis

Question 24

Infection of the pharynx and tonsils

Rare in children less than 1 year – common at 4 to 7 years

Answer 24

Pharyngitis