Chapter 47 Flashcards
Eyes 2/3 years
20/50
Eyes 6-7
20/20
Eyes of a newborn
- Visual acuity is 20/100 to 20/400
- Lens cannot accommodate, so they see best at a distance of 8 inches
- Optic nerve myelinating, so ability to distinguish colors and detail is decreased
- Eye color changes during first 6 months of life
Ear autonomy of child
•Eustachian tube in infants is proportionately shorter, wider, and more horizontal than in children and adults
What happens to ear when mouth opens
- During sucking or yawning, the tube briefly opens, allowing free passage from the nasopharynx and middle ear
- This passage predisposes infants to otitis media
- Over time, Eustachian tube becomes more “adult like”
Up to what age are infant breath out of there nose
6 months
Tonsils are usually what size and decrease in size at what age
Large and decrease at 10 years
Tooth rule
First tooth age 6 month
First tooth lost 6 years
Conjunctivitis is
Pink eye
Astigmatism
Curve in the cornea
Cross eye
Blind children tend to have
Blank stares and faces
Communicating with a deaf child who can read lips
Position your face 3-6 ft away
Infection of eyelid and surrounding tissues
Usually bacterial – an emergency
Cellulitis (Periorbital)
Strabismus
crossed eyed
Amblyopia
lazy eye
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)
Retina normally vascularizes around 8 months gestation
In ROP, immature blood vessels in retina constrict and necrose.
Result: visual impairment to complete vision loss
Minimize exposure to light, titrate oxygen closely
Inflammation with or without infection of the middle ear
caused by
otitis media
Eustachian tube dysfunction
Inflammation of skin and soft tissues of the ear
otitis externa
swimmers ear
easly infected
otitis externa can cause
delayed language
hearing loss
with deaf child postion face
3-6 inches away from face
Common cold” or “upper respiratory infection
Nasopharyngitis
treatment of Nasopharyngitis
Treatment Nose drops Humidify room Antipyretics Do not use cold or cough products in children less than 2 years of age
Inflammation of one or more of the paranasal sinuses
Sinusitis
Infection of the pharynx and tonsils
Rare in children less than 1 year – common at 4 to 7 years
Pharyngitis
