chapter 37 cardiac

Question 1

Autoimmune reaction to group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections

Answer 1

Rheumatic Fever

Question 2

clinical manesfestations Rheumatic Fever

Answer 2

Carditis: Inflammation of the heart
Polyarthritis: Migratory arthritis
Chorea: Emotional instability, muscular weakness, purposeless movements
Diagnosis: Difficult
Treatment: Prevention of residual heart disease
Prevention of infection

Question 3

clinical manesfestaions of Kawasaki Disease

Answer 3

Fever; irritability; lethargy; dry, red, cracked lips
Conjunctival inflammation; red-colored tongue
Edema and skin peeling in hands, feet; rash
Diagnosis: Symptomology
Treatment and nursing care

Question 4

Blood cells produce insufficient hemoglobin, are smaller than normal; milk babies

Answer 4

iron defienceny anemia

Question 5

clinical manesfestions iron defienceny anemia

Answer 5

Less-than-average weight; pale mucous membranes; anorexia; listlessness; slowed growth

Question 6

Abnormal hemoglobin production (most common in African Americans), resulting in RBCs assuming sickle shape when inherited from both parents

Answer 6

sickle cell disease

Question 7

clinical manesfestions of sickles cell disease

Answer 7

Sickle cell trait: Asymptomatic when inherited from one parent
Clinical manifestations: Chronic anemia; sickle cell crisis
Diagnosis: Screening
Treatment: Prevention of crises

Question 8

Inherited mild-to-severe anemias: Abnormal hemoglobin production

Answer 8

Thalassemia

Question 9

Clinical manifestations Thalassemia

Answer 9

Anemia; fatigue; pallor; irritability; anorexia
Bone pain/fractures common; organ involvement
Treatment: Transfusions (potential iron overload); medications; side effects
Nursing care: Poor prognosis

Question 10

Mechanics of clot formation

Answer 10

Hemophilia

Question 11

Hemophilia Clinical manifestations

Answer 11

Prolonged bleeding with frequent hemorrhages into skin, joint spaces, intramuscular tissues

Question 12

Platelet deficit causing hemorrhages into skin or mucous membranes

Answer 12

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Question 13

Clinical manifestations Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Answer 13

Acute onset; bruising/rash; hematuria or epistaxis

Question 14

Uncontrolled reproduction of deformed WBCs; most common type of childhood cancer

Answer 14

Acute Leukemia

Question 15

Clinical manifestations Acute Leukemia

Answer 15

Surprisingly abrupt with few warning signs
Fatigue; pallor; low-grade fever
Bone, joint pain; petechiae; purpura