Chapter 46

Question 0

Fundamental unit of ecology

Answer 0

Individual>Population>Community>Ecosystem

Question 1

All living things interact with:

Answer 1

• others of own species
• other species
• w/ chemical and physical environment around them

Question 2

Components of population ecology

Answer 2

• size
• density
• dispersal

Question 3

Patterns of dispersion

Answer 3

• clumped
• uniform
• random

Question 4

J Shaped Curve

Answer 4

• Exponential growth

- no limitations

Question 5

S shaped curve

Answer 5

• logistic growth

- environmental impact

Question 6

Density dependent

Answer 6

• resource availability

- predation

Question 7

Density Independent

Answer 7

• Drought
• extremes in temp
• natural disasters

Question 8

Survivorship curves

Answer 8

Of all births how many survive

Question 9

Type 1

Answer 9

High survival when young, low survival at old age

Question 10

Type II

Answer 10

Death rate constant over life span

Question 11

Type III

Answer 11

High mortality for young, low mortality rate for survivors

Question 12

Niche

Answer 12

Where and how a species lives

Question 13

Intraspecific

Answer 13

Same species in a community

Question 14

Interspecific

Answer 14

Different species

Question 15

Predation

Answer 15

Predator/prey relationship

Question 16

Symbiosis

Answer 16

Niche involves physical interaction w/ another

Question 17

3 types of symbiosis

Answer 17

Commensalism, mutualism, antagonism

Question 18

Commensalism

Answer 18

One benefit, one neutral

Question 19

Mutualism

Answer 19

Both benefit

Question 20

Antagonism

Answer 20

Either both suffer or one

Question 21

Competitive exclusion principle

Answer 21

2 species competing cannot coexist in the same place

Question 22

Resource partitioning

Answer 22

Allows species to coexist

Question 23

Constitutive defense

Answer 23

Weaponry/Camouflage

Question 24

Mechanical Defense

Answer 24

Shells/quills

Question 25

Chemical defense

Answer 25

Smell

Question 26

Keystone species

Answer 26

not abundant but presence essential

Question 27

Ecosystem

Answer 27

All organisms that live in an area including physical and chemical environment

Question 28

Energy flow

Answer 28

Comes as sunlight, leaves as heat

Question 29

1st tropic level

Answer 29

Producers

Question 30

2nd trophic level

Answer 30

Primary consumers, feed on plants

Question 31

Secondary consumers

Answer 31

Feed off primary consumers

Question 32

Tertiary Consumers

Answer 32

Feed on secondary consumers

Question 33

Biomass

Answer 33

Food source for next trophic level

Question 34

Nutrient cycles

Answer 34

• carbon
• water
• nitrogen
• phosphorous

Question 35

Nitrogen cycle

Answer 35

• source of nitrogen comes from atmosphere
• soil bacteria called nitrogen fixers takes nitrogen out of atmosphere
• becomes NH3

Question 36

Phosphorous Cycle

Answer 36

Erosion of rocks and plants take it up

Question 37

Anthropocene

Answer 37

Changes due to human activity

Question 38

Possibility if running out of:

Answer 38

• fossil fuels
• land
• water

Question 39

Ecological footprint

Answer 39

-Amount of land/water required to provide resources

Question 40

Global warming

Answer 40

Earths temp increase by one degree Celsius

Carbon dioxide levels going up

Question 41

3 main components of biodiversity

Answer 41

• genetic diversity
• species diversity
• ecosystem diversity