Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

gene expression

A

the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis

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2
Q

two stages of gene expression

A
  1. transcription

2. translation

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3
Q

Genome

A

Codes for proteins

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4
Q

Genes

A

Unit of information

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5
Q

Central Dogma

A

The process of making RNA from DNA and Proteins from RNA

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6
Q

Transcription

A

DNA directed RNA synthesis

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7
Q

Translation

A

Information in one “language” changed into another “language” (RNA directed protein synthesis)

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8
Q

3 major types of RNA cells make

A
  1. mRNA-messenger
  2. tRNA- transfer
  3. rRNA- ribosom
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9
Q

2 Fundamental Types of Cells

A
  1. Prokaryote- single cell- no internal compartments

2. Eukaryote- single celled OR multicellular- internal compartments

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10
Q

5’ TACCGATGC 3’ Complementary Polymer

A

3’ ATGGCTACG 5’

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11
Q

Characteristics of Prokaryote

A
  1. DNA in cytosol
  2. Smaller Amount
  3. 4 million base pairs
  4. Circular
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12
Q

Characteristics of Eukaryote

A
  1. DNA in nucleus
  2. Larger Amount
  3. 3.2 billion base pairs
  4. Linear
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13
Q

Chromatin

A

Combination of DNA and Proteins

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14
Q

DNA Replication

A

DNA making a second set of instruction

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15
Q

Promoter

A

Nucleotide sequence of DNA that tells RNA when to start reading synthesis

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