Chapter 4.2 Flashcards
Name the 5 causes of environmental problems. ——-
Population growth, unsustainable resource use, poverty, not including the environmental costs of economic goods and services in their market prices, trying to manage and simplify nature with too little knowledge about how it works
Air pollution, climate change, soil erosion, shrinking forests, decreased wildlife habitats, species extinction, aquifer depletion, declining ocean fisheries, and water pollution. ——-
Natural capital degradation or degradation of normally renewable resources
In what percent does developed countries create of world’s pollution? ——-
75%
How many percent do developed countries use of the world’s resources? ——-
88%
In what percent of the world’s population does developed countries occupy? ——-
19%
In economic measures, GDP measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country, it does not account for the depletion of natural resources or the negative impacts of economic activities on the environment and society. What does GDP stands for? ——-
Gross Domestic Product
Alternative measures such as GNH or GPI take into account social and environmental factors to provide a more holistic view of economic progress. What does GNH and GPI stand for? ——-
Gross National Happiness and Genuine Progress Indicator
In economic measures, what adjusts traditional GDP to include the environmental costs of economic activities, such as pollution and resource depletion, providing a more comprehensive measure of economic development? ——-
Green GDP
In economic measures, what measures the diversity of economic activities within a region or country, which can enhance resilience to economic shocks and promote sustainable development? ——-
Economic diversity
In social measures, what combines the indicators of life expectancy education, and income to assess overall human well-being and development? ——-
Human Development Index (HDI)
In social measures, what measures the prevalence of poverty and income inequality within a population, highlighting areas where social disparities exist and where interventions are needed to promote social inclusion and equity? ——-
Poverty and Inequality Indices
In social measures, what measures the availability and accessibility of education and healthcare services, which are essential for human development and social well-being? ——-
Access to education and healthcare
In environmental measures, what measures the total greenhouse gas emissions produced directly and indirectly by individuals, organizations, or activities, providing insight into the environmental impact of human activities? ——-
Carbon footprint
In environmental measures, what assesses the richness, abundance, and distribution of species within ecosystems, helping to monitor biodiversity loss and prioritize conservation efforts? ——-
Biodiversity Indices
In environmental measure, what measures the amount of biologically productive land and water required to support human activities and absorb waste, compared to the available resources on Earth? ——-
Ecological footprint
In governance and policy measure, what assesses the effectiveness of policies and regulations in promoting sustainable development and addressing environmental and social challenges? ——-
Environmental and Social policies
In governance and policy measure, what measures the transparency of decision-making processes and the accountability of governments, businesses, and institutions in achieving sustainable development goals? ——-
Transparency and accountability
In governance and policy measure, what asseses the extent to which stakeholders, including communities, civil society organizations, and indigenous groups, are involved in decision-making processes and have a voice in shaping sustainable development policies and initiatives? ——-
Stakeholder engagement
