Chapter 4 Vocab

Question 1

federalist #70
Alexander Hamilton

Answer 1

the president is the single most powerful individual in the American political system

Question 2

federalist #51
Madison

Answer 2

advocates a separation of powers within the national government.

Question 3

war powers resolution

Answer 3

requires the President to consult with Congress when activating military troops

Question 4

Legislative veto

Answer 4

the ability of Congress to pass a resolution to override a presidential decision

Question 5

power of the purse

Answer 5

The constitutional authority for Congress to raise and spend money.

Question 6

Bush Doctrine

Answer 6

issued that America can treat all countries that support terrorists against the U.S. as enemies

Question 7

advice and consent

Answer 7

a power of the United States Senate to be consulted on and approve treaties signed and appointments made by the president of the United States to public positions

Question 8

executive agreements

Answer 8

an international agreement, usually regarding routine administrative matters not warranting a formal treaty, made by the executive branch of the US government without ratification by the Senate.

Question 9

diplomatic recognition

Answer 9

the presidential power to recognize foreign governments

Question 10

Myers v. United States, 1926

Answer 10

affirmed the president’s ability to fire those executive-branch officials whom he appointed with Senate approval

Question 11

pocket veto

Answer 11

an indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.

Question 12

executive privilege

Answer 12

the authority of the President to withhold documents or information in his possession or in the possession of the Executive Branch from the Legislative or Judicial Branch of the government.

Question 13

United States v. Nixon, 1974

Answer 13

the Court held that there are no “absolute unqualified presidential privilege of immunity from judicial process under all circumstances”

Question 14

Nixon v. Fitzgerald, 1982

Answer 14

states that presidents cannot be sued for damages related to official decisions made while in office

Question 15

impoundment

Answer 15

the presidential practice of refusing to spend money appropriated by Congress

Question 16

Budget Reform and Impoundment Act of 1974-

Answer 16

required the president to spend all appropriated funds, unless Congress approved the impoundment

Question 17

agenda setting

Answer 17

legislative branch determines policy priorities for the nation

Question 18

bully pulprit

Answer 18

a public office or position of authority that provides its occupant with an outstanding opportunity to speak out on any issue.

Question 19

executive order

Answer 19

have the force of law

Question 20

Prosecutorial discretion

Answer 20

the widely accepted principle that law enforcement officers are responsible for choosing where to focus their efforts

Question 21

Clinton v. City of New York, 1998

Answer 21

ruled both the law and action [line-item vetoing] unconstitutional, criticizing them for permitting the president to construct legislation— an abuse of the principle of separation of powers

Question 22

multilaterally

Answer 22

designing and carrying out policy with other nations

Question 23

unilaterally

Answer 23

making and carrying out policy alone

Question 24

executive agreements

Answer 24

policies that don’t require Senate approval

Question 25

national security adviser

Answer 25

coordinates the Council that helps the president deal with foreign, military, and economic policies that affect national security

Question 26

CIA

Answer 26

deals with foreign info that might be important to the security of the nation

Question 27

joint chiefs of staff

Answer 27

is the body of the most senior uniformed leaders within the United States Department of Defense

Question 28

25th Amendment

Answer 28

In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.

Question 29

12th Amendment

Answer 29

provided for electors to vote for a president/vice-president slate`

Question 30

pyramid model

Answer 30

a hierarchy with the president occupying the top position.

Question 31

circular model

Answer 31

A method of organizing a president’s staff in which several presidential assistants report directly to the president

Question 32

22nd Amendment

Answer 32

limits a president to election to two terms and/or serving no more than ten years

Question 33

impeachment process

Answer 33

An investigation in House of Representatives committees

A vote of the House to pass articles of impeachment (majority)

A trial and vote in the Senate (2/3) to convict the official

Question 34

National Security Council (NSC)

Answer 34

the President’s principal forum for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his or her senior advisors and cabinet officials.

Question 35

Office of Management and the Budget (OMB)

Answer 35

oversees the performance of federal agencies, and administers the federal budget.

Question 36

Presidential Succession

Answer 36

Vice President, Speaker of the House, President Pro Tempore of the Senate