Chapter 4 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

federalist #70
Alexander Hamilton

A

the president is the single most powerful individual in the American political system

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2
Q

federalist #51
Madison

A

advocates a separation of powers within the national government.

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3
Q

war powers resolution

A

requires the President to consult with Congress when activating military troops

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4
Q

Legislative veto

A

the ability of Congress to pass a resolution to override a presidential decision

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5
Q

power of the purse

A

The constitutional authority for Congress to raise and spend money.

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6
Q

Bush Doctrine

A

issued that America can treat all countries that support terrorists against the U.S. as enemies

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7
Q

advice and consent

A

a power of the United States Senate to be consulted on and approve treaties signed and appointments made by the president of the United States to public positions

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8
Q

executive agreements

A

an international agreement, usually regarding routine administrative matters not warranting a formal treaty, made by the executive branch of the US government without ratification by the Senate.

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9
Q

diplomatic recognition

A

the presidential power to recognize foreign governments

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10
Q

Myers v. United States, 1926

A

affirmed the president’s ability to fire those executive-branch officials whom he appointed with Senate approval

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11
Q

pocket veto

A

an indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.

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12
Q

executive privilege

A

the authority of the President to withhold documents or information in his possession or in the possession of the Executive Branch from the Legislative or Judicial Branch of the government.

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13
Q

United States v. Nixon, 1974

A

the Court held that there are no “absolute unqualified presidential privilege of immunity from judicial process under all circumstances”

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14
Q

Nixon v. Fitzgerald, 1982

A

states that presidents cannot be sued for damages related to official decisions made while in office

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15
Q

impoundment

A

the presidential practice of refusing to spend money appropriated by Congress

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16
Q

Budget Reform and Impoundment Act of 1974-

A

required the president to spend all appropriated funds, unless Congress approved the impoundment

17
Q

agenda setting

A

legislative branch determines policy priorities for the nation

18
Q

bully pulprit

A

a public office or position of authority that provides its occupant with an outstanding opportunity to speak out on any issue.

19
Q

executive order

A

have the force of law

20
Q

Prosecutorial discretion

A

the widely accepted principle that law enforcement officers are responsible for choosing where to focus their efforts

21
Q

Clinton v. City of New York, 1998

A

ruled both the law and action [line-item vetoing] unconstitutional, criticizing them for permitting the president to construct legislation— an abuse of the principle of separation of powers

22
Q

multilaterally

A

designing and carrying out policy with other nations

23
Q

unilaterally

A

making and carrying out policy alone

24
Q

executive agreements

A

policies that don’t require Senate approval

25
Q

national security adviser

A

coordinates the Council that helps the president deal with foreign, military, and economic policies that affect national security

26
Q

CIA

A

deals with foreign info that might be important to the security of the nation

27
Q

joint chiefs of staff

A

is the body of the most senior uniformed leaders within the United States Department of Defense

28
Q

25th Amendment

A

In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.

29
Q

12th Amendment

A

provided for electors to vote for a president/vice-president slate`

30
Q

pyramid model

A

a hierarchy with the president occupying the top position.

31
Q

circular model

A

A method of organizing a president’s staff in which several presidential assistants report directly to the president

32
Q

22nd Amendment

A

limits a president to election to two terms and/or serving no more than ten years

33
Q

impeachment process

A

An investigation in House of Representatives committees

A vote of the House to pass articles of impeachment (majority)

A trial and vote in the Senate (2/3) to convict the official

34
Q

National Security Council (NSC)

A

the President’s principal forum for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his or her senior advisors and cabinet officials.

35
Q

Office of Management and the Budget (OMB)

A

oversees the performance of federal agencies, and administers the federal budget.

36
Q

Presidential Succession

A

Vice President, Speaker of the House, President Pro Tempore of the Senate