Chapter 4: Types of Tissues Flashcards
Simple Squamous
EPITHELIAL
1) Single layer of flattened cells
2) Diffusion & Osmosis (very fast transportation)
3) Lining of Alveoli (in lungs) & capillaries (blood vessels)
Simple Cuboidal
EPITHELIAL
1) Single lay of cube shaped cells
2) Secretion (Glands) & Absorption (Renal) (easy but not as easy to transport)
3) All glands, Tubules of kidneys
Simple Columnar
EPITHELIAL
1) Single layer of elongated cells, many with villi
2) Secretion (enzymes) & Absorption (food) (protective barrier that still lets things through)
3) Lining of digestive tract (stomach to anus), Unicellular glands (goblet cells)
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar
EPITHELIAL
1) Appears to be layered but not (pseudo = false). All cells touch basement membrane & those that reach surface have cliia
2) Filtration of air (moves mucus up to cough) & movement of female ovum (egg)
3) Lining of air passages & fallopian tubes
Stratified Squamous
EPITHELIAL
1) Many layers, flattened on free surface, cuboidal near basement membrane MAY CONTAIN KERATIN in surface cells for skin
2) Protection (not permeable)
3) Skin, Lining of mouth, lining of vagina
Stratified Transitional
EPITHELIAL
1) Many layers of cells which change shape. Flattened when stretched, cuboidal when relaxed.
2) Expandable barrier, prevention of any diffusion or osmosis.
3) Lining of urinary bladder & urinary tubes (so bladder can fill without urine diffusing back into blood).
Areolar Tissue
CONNECTIVE- LOOSE
1) Widely spaced cells in a matrix of random loose collagen (thick) & elastin (thin) fibers AKA cotton candy look that’s a little stretchy & a little tough
2) Binding surrounding tissues
3) Under skin, between most internal organs
Adipose Tissue
CONNECTIVE- LOOSE
1) Usually dense cells with almost no matrix. Cells contain huge vacuole full of lipids
2) Energy storage & padding & heat insulation
3) Under skin (dermis), around heart, within muscle, yellow bone marrow
WATER BALLOONS FULL OF BODY FAT
Reticular Tissue
CONNECTIVE-LOOSE
1) Closer spaced cells than Areolar, Random mesh of fine threads, leatherly layer
2) Structural support for walls of solid organs
3) Liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow
Hyaline
CONNECTIVE- CARTILAGE
1) Moderately spaced matrix of thick gels with few fibers (semi rigid gel material)
2) Bone formation, joint lubrication
3) Nose (MOST ABUNDANT)
Elastic
CONNECTIVE- CARTILAGE
1) Similar to Hyaline but with many random elastin fibers in matrix (flexible)
2) Provides flexible framework
3) Framework for ears, rings of trachea, & epiglottis
Fibro-Cartilage
CONNECTIVE- CARTILAGE
1) Very few cells, very dense matrix, fine woven collagen fibers (bouncy balls or skateboard wheels)
2) Shock absorption & semirigid attachments
3) Intervertebral disks, Meniscus in knees
VERY POOR HEALING (almost never fail so tough to heal)
Dense Regular
CONNECTIVE- DENSE
1) Very few cells, very dense matrix with large collagen fibers arranged parallel to one another.
2) Attach bone to bone & muscle to bone, strong in 2 directional pull
3) Ligaments & Tendons
Dense Irregular
CONNECTIVE- DENSE
1) Irregularly woven dense collagen fibers. Tissue occurs in sheets (mesh)
2) Resists tension from any direction
3) Pericardium, Periosteum, Perichondrium, duramater
TOUGH COVERING (Tyvek material, cheap labcoat material)
Dense Elastic
CONNECTIVE- DENSE
1) Branching elastic fibers & fibroblasts)
2) Elastic Reinforcement (can stretch & recoil)
3) Lung tissue, elastic arteries (heart with pumping)
