Chapter 4: Tissue Level Of Organization Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 tissue types?

A

1) Epithelial
2) connective
3) muscular
4) nervous

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2
Q

What are the 6 characteristics of epithelial cells?

A

1) Cellularity
2) polarity
3) attachment to a basement membrane
4) avascularity
5) innervation
6) high regeneration

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3
Q

What are the 4 functions of epithelial cells?

A

1) physical protection
2) selective permeability
3) secretion
4) sensation

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4
Q

What’s the difference between keratinized and non-keratinized cells?

A

Keratinized: superficial cells are dead ( eg skin)
Non-Keratinized: superficial cells are living ( eg anus)

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5
Q

What are the three intercellular junctions?

A

1) tight junctions
2) desmosomes
3) Gap junctions

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6
Q

Describe tight junctions:

A
  • seals cells tightly
  • prevents molecules from travelling between epithelial cells
  • located in the stomach, intestine, and urinary bladder
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7
Q

Describe desmosomes:

A
  • connects cells but doesn’t seal
  • strong but flexible for support and stability
  • located in the outer layer of the skin and the cardiac cells
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8
Q

Describe Gap junctions:

A
  • Connects neighbouring cells with a protein channel for communication and transfer
  • located in the muscle tissues, cornea, nerves, uterus, and gastrointestinal tract
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9
Q

What is glandular epithelium?

A
  • modified epithelial cells, which form glands that secrete substances into ducks blood, or onto the surface
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10
Q

What are the functions of the connective tissue?

A
  • physical protection
  • support and structural framework
  • binding of structures
  • Storage
  • transport
  • immune protection
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11
Q

What is connective tissue composed of?

A

1) cells
2) protein fibres
3) ground substance
1+2 = extracellular matrix
- solid
- semi solid
- liquid

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12
Q

What are the three types of protein fibers?

A

1) collagen
2) elastic
3) reticular

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of Supporting Connective Tissue and what are their properties/functions?

A

1) Cartilage:
- tensile strength and resistance
- a vascular
- no nerves
2) Bone
- calcified extracellular matrix organized in osteons
- protects organs
- provides levers for movements
- stores calcium

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14
Q

What are the three types of cartilages?

A

1) Hyaline
2) Fibro
3) Elastic

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15
Q

What are the two types of fluid connective tissue?

A
  1. Blood
  2. Lymph
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16
Q

What are the three types of muscular tissue?

A

1) Skeletal
2) cardiac
3) smooth

17
Q

What are the two types of nervous tissue?

A

1) Neurons: nerve cells which send the signal
2) Glial Cells: cells that support and protect the neurons