Chapter 10: Muscle Tissue And Organization

Question 1

What are the 5 muscle functions?

Answer 1

1) movement
2) posture
3) pump blood
4) stabilize joints
5) generate body heat

Question 2

What are the 5 properties of muscle tissue?

Answer 2

1) excitability: able to respond to Stimuli
2) conductivity: The ability to transmit electrical events along the cell membrane
3) contractility: ability to generate tension and shorten cell length for movement
4) elasticity: ability to return to original length after movement
5) extensibility: Ability to be stretched beyond resting the length

Question 3

What is insertion?

Answer 3

Attachment of a tendon to the moveable bone

Question 4

What is orgin?

Answer 4

Attachment of attending to the stationary bone

Question 5

What is the endomysium

Answer 5

Electrically insulates muscle fibres (Areolar connective, tissue and reticular fibres)

Question 6

What is the parimysium?

Answer 6

Surrounds fascicles (muscle bundle) (made of dense, irregular connective tissue with blood vessels and nerves)

Question 7

What is the epimysium?

Answer 7

Surrounds entire muscle (made of dense irregular connected tissue)

Question 8

What is the agonist?

Answer 8

The primary mover
-produces a specific movement when it contracts

Question 9

What is the antagonist

Answer 9

• opposes the action of the agonist (biceps versus triceps)

Question 10

What is the synergist?

Answer 10

• assists the agonist

Question 11

What are the 6 criteria for muscle naming?

Answer 11

1) muscle action
2) specific body region
3) muscle attachments
4) orientation of muscle fibres
5) muscle shape and size
6) muscle head/proximal tendons

Question 12

What is autorhythmic?

Answer 12

Able to generate electrical impulses without nerve stimulation

Question 13

What is involuntary control?

Answer 13

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) influences the rate and strength of contraction

Question 14

How does ageing affect muscle?

Answer 14

Ageing = loss of muscle mass/function (sarcopenia)