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Medical Terminology > Chapter 4 The Musculoskeletal System— Orthopedics (TERMS) > Flashcards

Chapter 4 The Musculoskeletal System— Orthopedics (TERMS) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Bone starts as

A

Cartilage

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2
Q

Blood vessels penetrate the cartilage…

A

…and bone cells (osteocytes) begin the process of replacing the cartilage model with actual bone.
- process begins well before you are born and does not finish until puberty ends.

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3
Q

Many bones harden from the center…

A

outward

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4
Q

Some bones grow in a special growth center called

A

epiphyseal plate (also known as the growth plate)

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5
Q

growth center lies in the

A

metaphysis (area between the end of the bone(epiphysis) and the long shaft of the bone (diaphysis) )

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6
Q

Suffix for growth

A

-physis

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7
Q

The bones in the middle of the skeleton are called the

A

axial part of your skeleton

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8
Q

skull (cranio) is attached to your

A

spine

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9
Q

spine is made of many similar bones called

A

vertebrae that connect together

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10
Q

vertebrae protect

A

your spinal cord

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11
Q

Spine has 4 sections

A
  • neck section (cervical)
    -chest/upper back section (thoracic)
  • lower back (lumbar and sacral)
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12
Q

Ribs(costo) attach to the

A

vertebrae of the thoracic section

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13
Q

arms and legs branch off both sides of this central part of the skeleton

A

vertebrae of thoracic section

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14
Q

your upper arm (brachio) leads to the two bones of your

A

forearm(radius and ulna)

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15
Q

your upper arm (brachio) leads to the two bones of your forearm(radius and ulna), then to your wrist (carpe)

A

wrist (carpe)

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16
Q

your upper arm (brachio) leads to the two bones of your forearm(radius and ulna), then to your wrist (carpe), and finally to your

A

fingers (phalanges).

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17
Q

legs begin with your

A

thigh bone (femur)

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18
Q

legs begin with your thigh bone (femur), work down to the two

A

shin bones (tibia and fibula)

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19
Q

legs begin with your thigh bone (femur), work down to the two shin bones (tibia and fibula), move on to your

A

ankle (tarsal)

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20
Q

legs begin with your thigh bone (femur), work down to the two shin bones (tibia and fibula), move on to your ankle (tarsal), and ultimately reach your

A

toes (phalanges again like the fingers)

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21
Q

Root for bone

A

oste/o

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22
Q

Root for head and skull

A

crani/o

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23
Q

Root for neck

A

cervic/o

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24
Q

Root for vertebra

A

spondyl/o

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25
Q

root for loin, lower back

A

lumb/o

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26
Q

root for arm

A

brachi/o

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27
Q

root for finger

A

dactyl/o

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28
Q

root for wrist

A

carp/o

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29
Q

root for rib

A

cost/o

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30
Q

root for femur (thighbone)

A

femor/o

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31
Q

root for tibia (shinbone)

A

tibi/o

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32
Q

root for ankle

A

tars/o

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33
Q

every bone in the body is connected to another except the

A

hyoid

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34
Q

the connection points between bones are known as

A

joints

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35
Q

Not all joints allow

A

movement (e.g. bones in your skull are bound tightly together)

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36
Q

moving joints allow motions like

A

bending and rotating

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37
Q

when a joint bends its called

A

flexion

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38
Q

when a joint straightens its called

A

extension

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39
Q

widening of a joint to move parts away from the body is

A

abduction

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40
Q

the joint narrows to bring parts back toward the body

A

adduction

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41
Q

holds muscle to bone

A

tendon

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42
Q

hold bone to bone

A

ligaments

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43
Q

surrounds bones at the joints and allows smooth movement among them

A

cartilage

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44
Q

under many tendons lie sacs of fluid, known as ___________ which help keep muscles and bones moving smoothly

A

bursae

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45
Q

root for cartilage

A

chondr/o

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46
Q

root for joint

A

arthr/o

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47
Q

root for bursa

A

burs/o

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48
Q

skeletal muscle is encased in a thick membrane called

A

fascia

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49
Q

fascia helps keep the muscle

A

together

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50
Q

skeletal muscles attach to bones their job is to

A

move the bones

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51
Q

muscles attach to bone via

A

tendons (which are thick bands of connective tissue)

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52
Q

root of tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone)

A

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

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53
Q

root of muscle

A

muscul/o, my/o, myos/o

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54
Q

root for fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together)

A

fasci/o

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55
Q

root for tone, tension

A

ton/o

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56
Q

root for movement, motion

A

kinesi/o (also sometimes kinet/o)

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57
Q

root for arrangement, order, coordination

A

tax/o

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58
Q

root for stiff, bent

A

ankyl/o

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59
Q

the most common musculoskeletal medical complaint is

A

pain

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60
Q

rib pain

A

costalgia
cost/algia
rib/pain
(kaws-TAL-jee-ah)

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61
Q

pain in the bones of the foot

A

metatarsalgia
meta/tars/algia
after/ankle/pain
(MET-ah-tar-SAL-jee-ah)

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62
Q

bone pain

A

ostalgia
ost/algia
bone pain
(aws-TAL-jee-ah)

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63
Q

bone pain

A

osteodynia
osteo/dynia
bone/ pain
(AWS-tee-oh-DIN-ee-ah)

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64
Q

vertebra pain

A

spondylodynia
spondylo/dynia
vertebra/pain
(SPAWN-dih-loh-DIN-ee-ah)

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65
Q

tibia (shin) pain

A

tibialgia
tibi/algia
tibia/ pain
(TIB-ee-AL-jee-ah)

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66
Q

joint stiffness

A

ankylosis
ankyl/osis
stiff/condition
(ANG-kih-LOH-sis)

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67
Q

joint pain

A

arthralgia
arthr/algia
joint/pain
(ar-THRAL-jee-ah)

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68
Q

joint pain

A

arthrodynia
arthro/dynia
joint/pain
(AR-thoh-DIN-ee-ah)

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69
Q

neck pain

A

cervicodynia
cervico/dynia
neck/pain
(SIR-vih-koh-DIN-ee-ah)

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70
Q

a crackling sound heard in joints

A

crepitation
(krep-ih-TAY-shun)

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71
Q

knock-kneed

A

genu valgum
knee pointed in
(JEH-nyoo- VAL-gum)

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72
Q

bowlegged

A

gene varum
knee bowed out
(JEH-nyoo VAH-rum)

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73
Q

slow movement

A

bradykinesia
brady/kinesia
slow/movement
(BRAD-ee-kih-NEE-see-ah)

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74
Q

inability to control movement

A

dyskinesia
dys/kinesia
bad/movement
(DIS-kih-nee-zhee-ah)

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75
Q

poor coordination

A

dystaxia
dys/taxia
bad/coordination
(dis-TAK-see-ah)

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76
Q

poor muscle tone

A

dystonia
dys/tonia
bad/muscle tone
(dis-TOH-nee-ah)

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77
Q

writer’s cramp

A

graphospasm
grapho/spasm
write/involuntary contraction
(GRAF-oh-spazm)

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78
Q

increase in muscle movement or activity

A

hyperkinesia
hyper/kinesia
over/movement
(HAI-per-kin-NEE-zhee-ah)

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79
Q

increased muscle tone or tightness

A

hypertonia
hyper/tonia
over/ muscle tone
(HAI-per-TOH-nee-ah)

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80
Q

decrease in muscle movement or activity

A

hypokinesia
hypo/kinesia
under/movement
(HAI-poh-kih-NEE-zhee-ah)

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81
Q

decrease in muscle tone or tightness

A

hypotonia
hypo/tonia
under/muscle tone
(HAI-poh-TOH-nee-ah)

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82
Q

muscle pain

A

myalgia
my/algia
muscle/pain
(mai-AL-jee-ah)

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83
Q

muscle weakness

A

myasthenia
my/asthenia
muscle/weakness
(MAI-as-THEE-nee-ah)

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84
Q

muscle pain

A

myodynia
myo/dynia
muscle/pain
(MAI-oh-DIN-ee-ah)

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85
Q

muscle spasm

A

myospasm
myo/spasm
muscle/ involuntary contraction
(MAI-oh-SPAZM)

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86
Q

tendon pain

A

tenalgia
ten/algia
tendon/pain
(te-NAL-jee-ah)

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87
Q

the exam of the muscles and bones focuses mainly on typical signs of inflammation:

A

redness, swelling, heat, and pain

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88
Q

puncture of a joint

A

arthrocentesis
arthro/centesis
joint/puncture
(AR-throh-sen-TEE-sis)

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89
Q

instrument for looking into a joint

A

arthroscope
arthro/scope
joint/instrument to look
(AR-throh-SKOHP)

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90
Q

procedure of looking into a joint

A

arthroscopy
arthro/scopy
joint/procedure to look
(ar-THRAWS-koh-pee)

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91
Q

a record of the electrical activity of a muscle

A

electromyogram
electro/myo/gram
electricity/muscle/record
(eh-LEK-troh-MAI-oh-gram)

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92
Q

procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle

A

electromyography
electro/myo/graphy
electricity/ muscle/writing procedure
(eh-LEK-troh-mai-AWG-rah-fee)

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93
Q

procedure for studying muscles

A

myography
myo/graphy
muscle/ writing procedure
(mai-AWG-rah-fee)

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94
Q

visual record of a joint

A

arthrogram
arthro/gram
joint/record
(AR-throh-GRAM)

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95
Q

procedure used to examine a joint

A

arthrography
arthro/graphy
joint/writing procedure
(ar-THRAWG-ra-fee)

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96
Q

imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis

A

computed axial tomography (CAT or CT)
axi/al tomo/graphy
axis/pertaining to cut/writing procedure
(kom-PYOO-ted-AK-see-al toh-MAWG-rah-fee)

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97
Q

humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine

A

kyphosis
kyph/osis
bent/condition
(kai-FOH-sis)

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98
Q

sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine

A

lordosis
lord/osis
bent backward/condition
(lor-DOH-sis)

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99
Q

crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

A

scoliosis
scoli/osis
crooked/condition
(SKOH-lee-OH-sis)

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100
Q

wrist inflammation

A

carpitis
carp/itis
wrist/inflammation
(kar-PAL-tis)

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101
Q

softening of the skull

A

craniomalacia
cranio/malacia
skull/softening
(kray-nee-oh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)

102
Q

abnormal growth of bone out of another bone

A

exostosis
ex/ost/osis
out/bone/condition
(EK-sos-toh-sis)

103
Q

a bone break

A

fracture
(FRAK-chur)

104
Q

poor bone development

A

osteodystrophy
osteo/dys/trophy
bone/bad/nourishment
(AWS-tee-oh-DIS-troh-fee)

105
Q

bone loss

A

osteolysis
osteo/lysis
bone/loss
(AWS-tee-awl-ih-sis)

106
Q

death of bone

A

osteonecrosis
osteo/necr/osis
bone/death/condition
(AWS-tee-oh-neh-KROH-sis)

107
Q

abnormal hardening of bone

A

osteosclerosis
osteo/scler/osis
bone/hardening/condition
(AWS-tee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis)

108
Q

having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes)

A

polydactyly
poly/dactyl/y
many/finger/condition
(PAWL-ee-DAK-tih-lee)

109
Q

vertebra inflammation

A

spondylitis
spondyl/itis
vertebra/inflammation
(spawn-dih-LAIT-is)

110
Q

softening of the vertebra

A

spondylomalacia
spondylo/malacia
vertebra/softening
(SPAWN-dih-loh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)

111
Q

fusion(sometimes called webbing) of fingers (or toes)

A

syndactyly
syn/dactyl/y
together/finger/condition
(sin-DAK-tih-lee)

112
Q

flat feet

A

tarsoptosis
tarso/ptosis
ankle/drooping condition
(TAR-sawp-TOH-sis)

113
Q

a stone in a bursa

A

bursolith
burso/lith
bursa/stone
(BIR-soh-lith)

114
Q

fluid buildup

A

effusion
ef/fusion
out/pour
(ee-FYOO-zhun)

115
Q

blood in a joint

A

hemarthrosis
hem/arthr/osis
blood/joint/condition
(hem-ar-THROH-sis)

116
Q

water (fluid) in a joint

A

hydrarthrosis
hydr/arthr/osis
water/joint/condition
(HAI-drar-THROH-sis)

117
Q

pus in a joint

A

pyarthrosis
py/arthr/osis
pus/joint/condition
(PAI-ar-THROH-sis)

118
Q

underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue

A

atrophy
a/trophy
no/nourishment
(A-troh-fee)

119
Q

overdevelopment of muscle tissue

A

hypertrophy
hyper/trophy
over/nourishment
(hai-PER-troh-fee)

120
Q

hernia of muscle tissue

A

myocele
myo/cele
muscle/hernia
(MAI-oh-seel)

121
Q

loss of muscle tissue

A

myolysis
myo/lysis
muscle/loss
(mai-AWL-ih-sis)

122
Q

softening of a muscle

A

myomalacia
myo/malacia
muscle/softening
(MAI-oh-mah-LAY-see-ah)

123
Q

hardening of a muscle

A

myosclerosis
myo/scler/osis
muscle/hardening/conditon
(MAI-oh-skler-OH-sis)

124
Q

stretching of a muscle

A

myotasis
myo/tasis
muscle/expansion
(mai-AWT-ah-sis)

125
Q

muscle tone

A

myotonia
myo/tonia
muscle/tone
(MAI-oh-TOH-nee-ah)

126
Q

a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae

A

ankylosingspondylitis
ankylos/ing/spondyl/itis
stiffen/causing vertebra/inflammation
(ANG-kih-LOH-sing spawn-dih-LAI-tis)

127
Q

poor development of bones and cartilage

A

chondro-osteodystrophy
chondro/osteo/dys/trophy
cartilage/bone/bad/nourishment
(KAWN-droh-AWS-tee-oh-DIS-troh-fee)

128
Q

the premature fusing of the skull bones

A

craniosynostosis
cranio/syn/ost/osis
skull/together/bone/osis
(KRAY-nee-oh-SIN-AWS-toh-sis)

129
Q

finger inflammation

A

dactylitis
dactyl/itis
finger/ inflammation
(DAK-tih-LAI-itis)

130
Q
A

hypertrophic spondylitis
hyper/trophic spondyl/itis
over/nourishment vertebra/ inflammation
(HAI-per-TROH-fik spawn-dih-LAI-its)

131
Q

bone inflammation

A

osteitis
oste/itis
bone/inflammation
(AWS-tee-AIT-is)

132
Q

inflammation of bone and cartilage

A

osteochondritis
osteo/chondr/itis
bone/cartilage/inflammation
(AWS-tee-oh-KON-DRAIT-is)

133
Q

a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease

A

osteogenesis imperfecta
osteo/genesis im/perfecta
bone/ creation not/ complete
(AWS-tee-oh-JIN-eh-sis IM-per-FEK-tah)

134
Q

softening of the bone

A

osteomalacia
osteo/malacia
bone/softening
(AWS-tee-oh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)

135
Q

inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

A

osteomyelitis
osteo/myel/itis
bone/marrow/inflammation
(AWS-tee-oh-MAI-eh-LAIT-is)

136
Q

bone disease

A

osteopathy
osteo/pathy
bone/disease
(AWS-tee-AWP-ah-thee)

137
Q

reduction in bone volume

A

osteopenia
osteo/penia
bone/deficiency
(AWS-tee-oh-PEE-nee-ah)

138
Q

loss of bone density

A

osteoporosis
osteo/por/osis
bone/pore/condition
(AWS-tee-oh-poh-ROH-sis)

139
Q

abnormal narrowing of the spine

A

spinal stenosis
spinal sten/osis
spine narrow/condition
(SPAI-nal stih-NOH-sis)

140
Q

joint disease of the vertebra

A

spondyloarthropathy
spondylo/arthro/pathy
vertebra/joint/disease
(SPAWN-dih-loh-ar-THRAWP-ah-thee)

141
Q

the slipping or dislocation of a vertebra

A

spondylolisthesis
spondylo/listhesis
vertebra/slipping
(SPAWN-dih-loh-lis-THEE-sis)

142
Q

loss of vertebra structure

A

spondylolysis
spondylo/lysis
vertebra/loss
(SPAWN-dih-LOL-ih-sis)

143
Q

vertebra condition

A

spondylosis
spondyl/osis
vertebra/condition
(SPAWN-dih-LOH-sis)

144
Q

joint inflammation

A

arthritis
arthr/itis
joint/inflammation
(ar-THRAI-tis)

145
Q

inflammation of the joints; it is called rheumatoid because its symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever

A

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumat/oid arthr/itis
rheumatic fever/resembling joint/ inflammation
(ROO-mah-TOYD-ar-THRAI-tis)

146
Q

inflammation of the joint caused by infection

A

septic arthritis
septic arthr/itis
rotting joint/inflammation
(SEP-tik ar-THAI-tis)

147
Q

inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight

A

osteoarthritis
osteo/arthr/itis
bone/joint/inflammation
(AWS-tee-oh-ar-THRAI-tis)

148
Q

hernia of a joint

A

arthrocele
arthro/cele
joint/hernia
(AR-throh-SEEL)

149
Q

abnormal joint devolpment

A

arthrodysplasia
arthro/dys/plasia
joint/bad/formation
(AR-throh-dis-PLAY-zhee-ah)

150
Q

joint disease

A

arthropathy
arthro/pathy
joint/disease
(ar-THRAWP-ah-thee)

151
Q

hardening of the joints

A

arthrosclerosis
arthro/scler/osis
joint/hardening/condition
(AR-throh-skleh-ROH-sis)

152
Q

inflammation of the bursa

A

bursitis
burs/itis
bursa/inflammation
(bur-SAIT-is)

153
Q

disease of the bursa

A

bursopathy
burso/pathy
bursa/disease
(bur-SAWP-ah-thee)

154
Q

partial dislocation of a joint

A

subluxation
sub/luxation
beneath/dislocation
(SUB-luk-SAY-shun)

155
Q

a defect in the formation of cartilage

A

achondroplasia
a/chondro/plasia
no/cartilage/formation
(AY-KAWN-droh-PLAY-zhee-ah)

156
Q

abnormal softening of the cartilage

A

chondromalacia
chondro/malacia
cartilage/softening
(KAWN-droh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)

157
Q

inflammation of the cartilage of the rib

A

costochondritis
costo/chondr/itis
rib/cartilage/inflammation
(KAWS-toh-kawn-DRAIT-is)

158
Q

inflammation of the fascia

A

fasciaitis
fascia/itis
fasica/ inflammation
(FASH-ee-AIT-is)

159
Q

disorder characterized by poor muscle development

A

muscular dystrophy
muscul/ar dys/trophy
muscle/ pertaining to bad/ nourishment
(MUS-kyoo-lar- DIS-troh-fee)

160
Q

violent muscle contraction

A

myoclonus
myo/clonus
muscle/ turmoil
(MAI-AWK-loh-nus)

161
Q

muscle disease

A

myopathy
myo/pathy
muscle/disease
(mai-AWP-ah-thee)

162
Q

muscle weakness

A

myasthenia
my/asthenia
muscle/weakness
(MAI-as-THEE-nee-ah)

163
Q

inflammation of muscle and fascia

A

myofasciitis
myo/fasci/itis
muscle/fascia/inflammation
(MAI-oh-FASH-ee-AI-tis)

164
Q

muscle inflammation

A

myositis
myos/itis
muscle/inflammation
(mai-oh-SAI-tis)

165
Q

inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue

A

necrotizing fasciitis
necrot/izing fasci/itis
death/causing fascia/inflammation
(NEK-roh-TAI-zing FASH-ee-AIT-is)

166
Q

inflammation of multiple muscles

A

polymyositis
poly/myos/itis
many/muscle/inflammation
(PAWL-ee-MAI-oh-SAI-tis)

167
Q

condition characterized by the loss of muscle control

A

tardive dyskinesia
tardive dys/kinesia
slow bad/movement
(TAR-div DIS-kih-NEE-zhee-ah)

168
Q

tendin/itis
tendon/inflammation

A

tendinitis

169
Q

tendon inflammation

A

tendonitis
tendon/itis
(TEN-dah-NAI-tis)

170
Q

a tumor like growth of cartilage tissue

A

chondroma
chondr/oma
cartilage/tumor
(kawn-DROH-mah)

171
Q

a muscle tumor

A

myoma
my/oma
muscle/tumor
(mai-OH-mah)

172
Q

a cancerous muscle tumor

A

myosarcoma
myo/sarc/oma
muscle/flesh/tumor
(MAI-oh-sar-KOH-mah)

173
Q

bone cancer tumor

A

osteocarcinoma
osteo/carcin/oma
bone/cancer/tumor
(AWS-tee-oh-kar-sin-OH-mah)

174
Q

a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage

A

osteochondroma
osteo/chondr/oma
bone/cartilage/tumor
(AWS-tee-oh-KON-DROH-mah)

175
Q

cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells

A

osteosarcoma
osteo/sarc/oma
bone/flesh/tumor
(AWS-tee-oh-sar-KOH-mah)

176
Q

a drug that relieves pain

A

analgesic
an/alge/sic
no/pain/agent
(AN-al-JEE-zik)

177
Q

a drug that opposes joint inflammation

A

antiarthritic
anti/arthri/tic
against/joint (pain)/agent
(ANT-ee-ar-THRIT-ik)

178
Q

a drug that opposes inflammation

A

anti-inflammatory
anti/inflammatory
against/inflammation
(ANT-ee-in-FLAM-ah-tor-ee)

179
Q

a drug that opposes fever

A

antipyretic
anti/pyre/tic
against/fever/agent
(ANT-ai-pai-RET-ik)

180
Q

a device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body

A

orthotics
ortho/tics
straight/agent
(OR-THAWT-iks)

181
Q

a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function

A

prosthesis
pros/thesis
toward/place
(praws-THEE-sis)

182
Q

removal of all or part of the wrist

A

carpectomy
carp/ectomy
wrist/removal
(kar-PEK-toh-mee)

183
Q

removal of a rib

A

costectomy
cost/ectomy
rib/ removal
(kaws-TEK-toh-mee)

184
Q

removal of a portion of the skull

A

craniectomy
crani/ectomy
skull/removal
(kray-nee-EK-toh-mee)

185
Q

a removal of a portion of the skull

A

craniotomy
cranio/tomy
skull/incision
(kray-nee-AWT-oh-mee)

186
Q

the fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e. using cast, splints, stabilizers )

A

external fixation
external fix/ation
outside fix/ procedure
(EK-stirn-al fik-SAY-shun)

187
Q

the fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e. using screws, pins, plates)

A

internal fixation
internal fix/ation
inside fix/ procedure

188
Q

returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery

A

closed reduction
closed re/duc/tion
closed back/lead/proceedure
(klohzd rih-DUK-shun)

189
Q

returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery

A

open reduction
open re/duc/tion
open back/lead/procedure
(OH-pen rih-DUK-shun)

190
Q

removal of a bone in the hand

A

metacarpectomy
meta/carp/ectomy
after/wrist/removal
(MET-ah-kar-PEK-toh-mee)

191
Q

removal of a bone

A

ostectomy
ost/ectomy
bone/removal
(aws-TEK-toh-mee)

192
Q

removal of a bone

A

osteectomy
oste/ectomy
bone/removal
(aws-tee-EK-toh-mee)

193
Q

the surgical breaking of a bone (often done to remedy a deformity)

A

osteoclasia
osteo/clasia
bone/breaking
(AWS-tee-oh-KLAY-zhee-ah)

194
Q

reconstruction of a bone

A

osteoplasty
osteo/plasty
bone/reconstruction
(AWS-tee-oh-PLAS-tee)

195
Q

incision into a bone

A

osteotomy
osteo/tomy
bone/incision
(AWS-tee-AWT-oh-mee)

196
Q

fusing together of multiple vertebrae

A

spondylosyndesis
spondylo/syn/desis
vertebra/together/binding
(SPAWN-dih-loh-SIN-deh-sis)

197
Q

incision into the sternum

A

sternotomy
sterno/tomy
sternum/ incision
(ster-NAWT-oh-mee)

198
Q

removal of all or a portion of the ankle

A

tarsectomy
tars/ectomy
ankle/removal
(tar-SEK-toh-mee)

199
Q

surgical fracture of the ankle
(i.e. to treat clubfoot)

A

tarsoclasia
tarso/clasia
ankle/breaking
(TAR-soh-KLAY-zhee-ah)

200
Q

removal of a joint

A

arthrectomy
arthr/ectomy
joint/removal
(ar-THREK-toh-mee)

201
Q

the therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility

A

arthroclasia
arthro / clasia
joint / breaking
AR-throh-KLAY-zhee-ah

202
Q

surgical fixation of a joint

A

arthrodesis
arthro / desis
joining / binding
AR-throh-DEE-sis

203
Q

loosening a stiff joint

A

arthrolysis
arthro / lysis
joint / loose
ar-THRAWL-ih-sis

204
Q

reconstruction of a joint

A

arthroplasty
arthro / plasty
joint / reconstruction
AR-throh-PLAS-tee

205
Q

incision into a joint

A

arthrotomy
arthro / tomy
joint / incision
ar-THRAWT-oh-mee

206
Q

removal of a bursa

A

bursectomy
burs/ectomy
bursa/removal
bur-SEK-toh-mee

207
Q

incision into a bursa

A

bursotomy
burso/tomy
bursa/incision
(bur-SAWT-oh-mee)

208
Q

removal of cartilage

A

chondrectomy
chondr/ectomy
cartilage/removal
kawn-DREK-toh-mee

209
Q

reconstruction of cartilage

A

chondroplasty
chondro/plasty
cartilage/reconstruction
KAWN-droh-PLAS-tee

210
Q

removal of fascia

A

fasciectomy
fasci/ectomy
fascia/removal
FASH-ee-EK-toh-mee

211
Q

binding of fascia

A

fasciodesis
fascio/desis
fascia/binding
FASH-ee-AWD-eh-sis

212
Q

reconstruction of fascia

A

fascioplasty
fascio / plasty
fascia / reconstruction
FASH-ee-oh-PLAS-tee

213
Q

suturing of fascia

A

fasciorrhaphy
fascio / rhaphy f
ascia / suture
fash-ee-OR-ah-fee

214
Q

incision into fascia

A

fasciotomy
fascio / tomy
fascia / incision
fash-ee-AWT-oh-mee

215
Q

removal of muscle

A

myectomy
my / ectomy
muscle / removal
mai-EK-toh-mee

216
Q

binding of a muscle

A

myodesis
myo / desis
muscle / binding
mai-AWD-eh-sis

217
Q

removal of a muscle tumor

A

myomectomy
my/om/ ectomy
muscle / tumor / removal
MAl-oh-MEK-toh-mee

218
Q

muscle reconstruction

A

myoplasty
myo / plasty
muscle / reconstruction
mai-oh-PLAS-tee

219
Q

Definition muscle suture

A

myorrhaphy
myo / rrhaphy
muscle / suture
mai-OR-ah-fee

220
Q

incision into muscle

A

myotomy
myo/tomy
muscle/incision
(mai-AWT-oh-mee)

221
Q

removal of a tendon

A

tendectomy
tend / ectomy
tendon / removal
ten-DEK-toh-mee

222
Q

reconstruction of a tendon

A

tendoplasty
tendo / plasty
tendon / reconstruction
TEN-doh-PLAS-tee

223
Q

binding of a tendon

A

tenodesis
teno / desis
tendon / binding
ten-AWD-eh-sis

224
Q

freeing/loosening a tendon

A

tenolysis
teno/ lysis
tendon / loosen
ten-AWL-ih-sis

225
Q

removal of a tendon

A

tenonectomy
tenon / ectomy
tendon / removal
TEN-oh-NEK-toh-mee

226
Q

reconstruction of a tendon

A

tenoplasty
teno/ plasty
tendon / reconstruction
TEN-oh-PLAS-tee

227
Q

suture of a tendon

A

tenorrhaphy
teno / rrhaphy
tendon / suture
ten-OR-ah-fee

228
Q

incision into a tendon

A

tenotomy
teno/ tomy
tendon / incision
teh-NAWT-oh-mee

229
Q

history

A

Hx

230
Q

fracture

A

Fx

231
Q

traction or treatment

A

Tx

232
Q

anterior cruciate ligament

A

ACL

233
Q

medial collateral ligament

A

MCL

234
Q

lateral collateral ligament

A

LCL

235
Q

posterior cruciate ligament

A

PCL

236
Q

cervical (of the neck) vertebrae

A

C1-C7

237
Q

thoracic (of the chest) vertebrae

A

T1-T12

238
Q

lumbar (of the loin) vertebrae

A

L1-L5

239
Q

sacral vertebrae

A

S1-S5

240
Q

deep tendon reflex (this is what doctors are testing when they tap the knee with a reflex hammer)

A

DTR

241
Q

electromyogram

A

EMG

242
Q

full range of motion

A

FROM

243
Q

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

A

NSAID

244
Q

osteoarthritis

A

OA

245
Q

open reduction internal fixation

A

ORIF

246
Q

physical therapy

A

PT

247
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

RA

248
Q

rest, ice, compression, elevation

A

RICE

249
Q

range of motion

A

ROM

250
Q

weight bearing

A

WB

251
Q

weight bearing as tolerated

A

WBAT

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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