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Medical Terminology > Ch 3 The Integumentary System - Dermatology > Flashcards

Ch 3 The Integumentary System - Dermatology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

integumentary system

A

the skin

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2
Q

roots: (cutaneo/ dermo)

A

skin

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3
Q

The outermost layer the one that is visible and is made of large cells that look like scales.

A

Epidermis

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4
Q

largest organ of the body

A

skin

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5
Q

skin is affected by environmental variables such as:

A
  • Chemicals
  • Pathogens
  • Radiation
  • Temperature
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6
Q

Functions of the skin

A
  • Barrier and Protection
  • Vitamin D production
  • Body temperature regulation
  • Sensation
  • Excretion (sweat)
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7
Q

Under the epidermis lies a deeper layer that is much thicker has fewer cells and more thick fibers to give the skin strength and flexibility.
- home to hair follicles, nerves, and glands

A

dermis

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8
Q

Skin has two types of glands, which are groups of cells that release fluid.

A
  • sweat glands (hidro) release sweat to rid the body of waste and cool the body
    -sebaceous glands (sebaceo) secrete oil as a natural moisturizer for the skin and hair.
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9
Q

The nerves of the dermis detect …

A

Fine pressure, deep pressure, temperature, and pain
- Skin is the largest sensory organ in your body.

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10
Q

The end of your fingers and toes are nails specialized tissue made of hard substance

A

Keratin

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11
Q

Nails functions

A
  • protect fingers/ toes
  • provide a good base for movement
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12
Q

adip/o, lip/o, steat/o

A

Fat

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13
Q

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

A

skin

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14
Q

pil/o, trich/o

A

Hair

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15
Q

hidr/o

A

Sweat

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16
Q

onych/o, ungu/o

A

Nail

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17
Q

seb/o, sebace/o

A

Oil

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18
Q

crypt/o

A

hidden

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19
Q

kerat/o

A

hard, horny

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20
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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21
Q

leuk/o, alb/o

A

white

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22
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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23
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

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24
Q

melan/o

A

black

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25
Q

abrasion
ab/ rasion
away/ scrape
(uh-BRAY-zhun)

A

scraping away of skin

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26
Q

albinism
albin/ ism
white/ condition
(AL-bih-nizm)

A

lack of pigment in skin causing patient to look white

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27
Q

albino
(al-BIH-noh)

A

a person afflicted with albinism

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28
Q

alopecia
(AL-oh-PEE-shah)

A

baldness

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29
Q

anhidrosis
an/ hidr/ osis
no/ sweat/ condition
(AN-hai-DROH-sis)

A

lack of sweating

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30
Q

comedo
to eat up
(KOM-eh-doh)

A

a hair follicle that is plugged with sebum (black head, white head)

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31
Q

cyanhidrosis
cyan/hidr/osis
blue/sweat/condition
(sai-an-hai-DROH-sis)

A

blue sweat

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32
Q

depigmentation
de/pigment/ation
away/pigment/ condition
(DE-pig-men-TAY-shun)

A

loss of pigmentation

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33
Q

dermatalgia
dermat/algia
skin/ pain
(DER-mah-TAL-jah)

A

skin pain

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34
Q

dermatodynia
dermato/dynia
skin/pain
(der-MAH-toh-DIH-nee-ah)

A

skin pain

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35
Q

dermatolysis
dermato/ lysis
skin/ loose
(DER-mah-TAWL-ih-sis)

A

loose skin

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36
Q

erythema
redness
(ER-ih-THEE-mah)

A

redness

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37
Q

erythroderma
erythro/ derma
red/ skin
(eh-RITH-roh-DER-mah)

A

red skin

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38
Q

hemathidrosis
hemat/hidr/osis
blood/sweat/condition
(hee-MAT-hai-DROH-sis)

A

sweating blood

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39
Q

hidropoiesis
hidro/ poiesis
sweat/ formation
(HAI-droh-poi-EE-sis)

A

the formation of sweat

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40
Q

hyperhidrosis
hyper/ hidr/ osis
over/ sweat/ condition
(HAI-per-hai-DROH-sis)

A

excessive sweating

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41
Q

hyperkerotosis
hyper/ kerat/ osis
over/ horny/ condition
(HAI-per-KER-ah-TOH-sis)

A

excessive growth of horny skin

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42
Q

hypermelanosis
hyper/ melan/ osis
over/ black/ condition
(HAI-per-mel-ah-NOH-sis)

A

excessive melanin in the skin

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43
Q

hyperpigmentation
hyper/ pigment/ ation
over/ pigment/ conditon
(HAI-per-PIG-men-TAY-shun)

A

excessive pigment in the skin

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44
Q

hypohidrosis
hypo/hidr/osis
under/ sweat/ conditon
(HAI-poh-hai-DROH-sis)

A

diminished sweating

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45
Q

hypomelanosis
hypo/melan/osis
under/ black/ condition
(HAI-poh-mel-ah-NOH-sis)

A

diminished melanin in the skin

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46
Q

hypopigmentation
hypo/pigment/ation
under/pigment/condition
(HAI-poh-PIG-men-TAY-shun)

A

diminished pigment in the skin

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47
Q

leukoderma
leuko/derma
white/skin
(LOO-koh-DER-mah)

A

white skin

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48
Q

macerate
to make soft
(MAS-ih-rayt)

A

to soften the skin

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49
Q

onychophagia
onycho/ phagia
nail/ eat
(awn-ih-koh-FAY-jah)

A

eating or biting the nails

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50
Q

pruritus
itching
(proo-RAI-tus)

A

an itch

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51
Q

rhytidermia
rhyti/dermia
wrinkle/skin
(rih-tih-DER-mee-ah)

A

wrinkled skin

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52
Q

sebopoiesis
sebo/poiesis
oil/formation
(see-boh-poi-EE-sis)

A

formation of oil (sebum)

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53
Q

seborrhea
sebo/rrhea
oil/ discharge
(seb-or-EE-ah)

A

discharge of oil (sebum)

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54
Q

trichomegaly
tricho/megaly
hair/ enlargement
(TRIK-oh-MEG-ah-lee)

A

abnormally thick hair

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55
Q

urticaria
burning nettle
(URT-ih-KAR-ee-ah)

A

swollen raised itchy area of the skin

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56
Q

xanthoderma
xantho/ derma
yellow/ skin
(ZAN-thoh-DER-mah)

A

yellow skin

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57
Q

xeroderma
xero/derma
dry/ skin
(ZER-oh-DER-mah)

A

dry skin

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58
Q

xerosis
xer/osis
dry/ condition
(ze-ROH-sis)

A

condition of dryness

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59
Q

rash is limited to a specific area

A

localized

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60
Q

rash is all over the body

A

generalized

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61
Q

rashes that start from the middle and work their way outward are..

A

centrifugal

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62
Q

Rashes that spread from the outside inward are

A

centripetal

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63
Q

small bumps (under 1cm )

A

papules

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64
Q

bumps over 1cm

A

nodules

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65
Q

large and flat bumps like a plateau

A

plaques

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66
Q

small bumps (less than 1cm) filled with clear fluid are called

A

vesicles

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67
Q

Bumps filled with pus are known as

A

pustules

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68
Q

A large vesicle such as a blister is called

A

bulla

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69
Q

larger pustules are called

A

abscesses

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70
Q

small flat spots such as freckles are known as

A

macules

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71
Q

larger macules are

A

patches

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72
Q

macule, macula (freckle)
spot or stain
(MAK-yool), (MAK-yoo-lah)
*Flat, Nonpalpable

A

small, flat, discolored area

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73
Q

patch (vitiligo)
spot or stain
pach (vit-il-AI-goh)
*Flat, Nonpalpable

A

lager, flat, discolored area

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74
Q

papule
pimple
(PAP-yool)
*Elevated, Palpable, Solid mass

A

a small solid mass

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75
Q

plaque
(PLAK)
*Elevated, Palpable, Solid mass

A

a solid mass on the surface of the skin

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76
Q

nodule
(NOJ-yool)
*Elevated, Palpable, Solid mass

A

a solid mass that extends deeper into the skin

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77
Q

tumor
(TOO-mur)
*Elevated, Palpable, Solid mass

A

a larger solid mass

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78
Q

vesicle
ves/ icle
bladder/ little
(VES-i-kul)
*Elevated, Fluid-Filled

A

a small blister

79
Q

bulla
bubble
(BUL-ah)
*Elevated, Fluid-Filled

A
80
Q

pustule
little blister
(PUS-tyool)
*Elevated, Fluid-Filled

A

a pus-filled blister

81
Q

abscess
ab/scess
away/ go
(AB-ses)
*Elevated, Fluid-Filled

A

a localized collection of pus in the body

82
Q

erosion
e/ rosion
away/ gnaw/eat
(ee-ROH-zhun)
*Loss of Skin Surface

A

loss of skin

83
Q

ulcer
sore
(UL-sir)
*Loss of Skin Surface

A

a sore

84
Q

excoriation
ex/ cori/ ation
out/skin/conditon
(eks-koh-ree-A-shun)
*Loss of Skin Surface

A

a scratch

85
Q

fissure
split or divide
(FISH-ur)
*Loss of Skin Surface

A

a crack in the skin

86
Q

scale
(SKAYL)
*Loss of Skin Surface

A

skin flaking off

87
Q

crust
(KRUST)
* Material on Skin Surface

A

a dried substance (i.e., blood, pus) on the skin

88
Q

vascular lesion
blood vessel wound
(VAS-kyoo-lar-LEE-zhun)

A

wounds related to blood vessels

89
Q

cherry angioma
angi/ oma
blood vessel/tumor
(CHEH-ree AN-jee-OH-mah)
*vascular lesion

A

a small blood vessel tumor

90
Q

telangiectasia (spider angioma)
tel/angi/ectasia
end/blood vessel/expansion
(TEL-AN-jee-ek-TAY-zhuh)
*vascular lesion

A

the overexpansion of the end of a blood vessel; sometimes called a spider angioma because of how it looks on the skin

91
Q

petechia
freckle or spot
(puh-TEE-kee-yah)
*vascular lesion

A

a small bruise

92
Q

ecchymosis
to pour out
(ek-ih-MOH-sis)
*vascular lesion

A

a larger bruise

92
Q

cicatrix (plural: cicatrices)
scar
(SIK-ah-triks)
*vascular lesion

A

scar

93
Q

keloid
kel/oid
tumor/ resembling
(KEE-loid)
*vascular lesion

A

overgrowth of scar tissue

94
Q

epidermal tumors
epi/derm/al tumor
upon/ skin/ pertaining to tumor
(EP-ih-DER-mal TOO-murs)

A

tumors on the skin

95
Q

nevus
birthmark or mole
(NEE-vus)

A

mole

96
Q

dysplastic nevus
dys/ plastic nevus
bad/ formation mole
(dis-PLAS-tic NEE-vus)

A

a mole with bad changes/formations (often precancerous)

97
Q

verruca
wart
(ver-ROO-kah)

A

wart

98
Q

culture and sensitivity (C&S)
(KUL-chur and sin-sih-TIV-ih-tee)

A

growing microorganisms in isolation in order to determine which drugs the might respond to

99
Q

biopsy (Bx)
bi/ops/y
two/eye/procedure
(BAI-op-see)

A

removal of tissue in order to examine it (with your own to eyes)

100
Q

excisional biopsy
ex/ cision/ al
out/ cut/ pertaining to
(ek-SIH-zhun-al)

A

the removal of an entire lesion for examination (to cut it out)

101
Q

incisional biopsy
in/cision/ al
in/ cut/ pertaining to
(in-SIH-zhun-al)

A

removal of a portion of a lesion for examination (to cut into it)

102
Q

dermatoscope
dermato/ scope
skin/ instrument to look
(der-MAT-oh-SKOHP)

A

instrument used to look at the skin

103
Q

dermatoscopy
dermato/ scopy
skin/ looking procedure
(DER-mah-TAWS-koh-pee)

A

procedure for looking at the skin

104
Q

adipocele
adipo/ cele
fat/ hernia
(AD-ih-poh-SEEL)

A

a hernia filled with fatty tissue

105
Q

dermatofibroma
dermato/fibr/oma
skin/fiber/ tumor
(DER-mah-toh-fai-BROH-mah)

A

a fibrous skin tumor

106
Q

erythrocyanosis
erytho/ cyan/ osis
red/blue/condition
(eh-rith-roh-SAI-ah-NOH-sis)

A

a red and/or blue discoloration of the skin

107
Q

keratogenic
kerato/ gen/ ic
horny/ creation/ pertaining to
(ker-at-oh-JEN-ik)

A

causing horny tissue development

108
Q

keratosis
kerat/osis
horny/ condition
(KER-ah-TOH-sis)

A

horny tissue condition

109
Q

necrosis
necr/osis
death/ condition
(neh-KROH-sis)

A

tissue death

110
Q

onychia
onych/ia
nail/condition
(oh-NIK-ee-ah)

A

a nail conditon

111
Q

onychocryptosis
onycho/crypt/osis
nail/hiden/condition
(AWN-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis)

A

an ingrown nail

112
Q

onycholysis
onycho/lysis
nail/loose
(AWN-ih-KAWL-ih-is)

A

the loss of a nail

113
Q

onychomalacia
onycho/ malacia
nail/softening
(AWN-ih-koh-mah-LAY-shah)

A

abnormal softening of a nail

114
Q

onychopathy
onycho/pathy
nail/ disease
(awn-ih-KOP-ath-ee)

A

nail disease

115
Q

pachyderma
pachy/ derma
thick/ skin
(pak-ih-DER-mah)

A

tough skin

116
Q

paronychia
par/onych/ia
around/nail/condition
(par-aw-NIK-ee-ah)

A

a condition of the tissue around a nail

117
Q

steatoma
steat/oma
fat/ tumor
(STEE-ah-TOH-mah)

A

a fatty tumor

118
Q

xanthoma
xanth/oma
yellow/tumor
(zan-THOH-mah)

A

a yellow tumor

119
Q

basal cell carcinomas, melanomas, and squamous cell carcinomas are all tumors associated with

A

sun exposure

120
Q

The most common cancer of the skin, often presents as a round, flesh-colored, and pearly nodule

A

basal cell carcinoma

121
Q

a cancer of the pigment-producing cells in the skin, is not the most common form of skin cancer, it is responsible for the most. - are brown in color.

A

Melanoma

122
Q

can occur anywhere in the skin where squamous cells are found. Begins as a small papule but eventually leads to an ulcer

A

squamous cell carcinoma

123
Q

precancerous condition also associated with sun exposure.

A

Actinic keratosis

124
Q

decubitus ulcer
de/ cubitus ulcer
down/ lie sore
(deh-KYOO-bih-tus UL-sir)

A

bed sore

125
Q

dermatosis
dermat/ osis
skin/ conditon
(DER-mah-TOH-sis)

A

skin condition

126
Q

dermopathy
dermo/pathy
skin/disease
(der-MAW-pa-thee)

A

skin disease

127
Q

atopic dermatitis
a/top/ic/ dermat/itis
not/place/ pertaining to/ skin inflammation
(AY-taw-pik DER-mah-TAIT-is)

A

a chronic dry inflammatory disease characterized by itching

128
Q

hypertrichosis
hyper/trich/osis
over/ hair/ condition
(HAI-per-trih-KOH-sis)

A

excessive growth of hair

129
Q

ichthyosis
ichthy/osis
fish scale/ condition
(IK-thee-OH-sis)

A

a condition in the skin is dry and scaly resembling fish scales

130
Q

postpartum alopecia
post/partum/alopecia
after/birth/baldness
(post-PART-um AL-oh-PEE-shah)

A

baldness experienced by women after a pregnancy

131
Q

psoriasis
psor/iasis
itch/ presence of
(soh-RAI-ah-sis)

A

a skin condition characterized by patches of itchy, red, scaly skin.

132
Q

sclerodermatitis
sclero/dermat/itis
hard/ skin/ inflammation
(SKLEH-roh-der-mah-TAI-tis)

A

inflammation of the skin accompanied by thickening and hardening

133
Q

scleronychia
scler/onych/ia
hard/nail/condition
(SKLEH-roh-NIK-ee-ah)

A

thickening and hardening of the nails

134
Q

xanthosis
xanth/osis
yellow/condition
(zan-THOH-sis)

A

yellowing of the skin

135
Q

actinic keratosis
actin/ic/ kerat/osis
sun ray/ pertaining to/ horny/condition
(ak-TIN-ik KER-ah-TOH-sis)

A

horny skin condition caused by sun exposure

136
Q

basal cell carcinoma
basal cell carcin/oma
basal cell cancer/tumor
(BAY-zul sell KAR-sin-OH-mah)

A

cancerous tumor of basal skin cells

137
Q

hidradenoma
hidr/aden/oma
sweat/gland/tumor
(HAI-drad-eh-NOH-mah)

A

tumor of the sweat gland

138
Q

malignant cutaneous neoplasm
malignant cutane/ ous neo/ plasm
harmful skin/ pertaining to new/ formation
(mah-LIG-nant kuh-TAY-nee-us NEE-oh-plazm)

A

a harmful new formation of skin tissue (i.e., skin cancer)

139
Q

malignant melanoma
malignant melan/oma
malignant black/tumor
(ma-LIG-nant MEL-ah-NOH-mah)

A

a harmful tumor of melanin cells

140
Q

squamous cell carcinoma
squam/ous cell carcin/oma
scale/ pertaining to cell cancer/ tumor
(SKWAY-mus sell KAR-sin-OH-mah)

A

cancerous tumor of squamous skin cells

141
Q

acne vulgaris
acne common
(AK-nee vul-GAR-is)

A

inflammation of the skin follicles

142
Q

dermatomycosis
dermato/myc/osis
skin/fungus/condition
(DER-mat-oh-mai-KOH-sis)

A

a fungal skin condition

143
Q

hidradenitis
hidr/aden/itis
sweat/gland/inflammation
(HAI-drad-en-AIT-is)

A

inflammation of the sweat glands

144
Q

impetigo
to attack
(im-peh-TAI-goh)

A

a highly contagious bacterial infection of the skin

145
Q

mycodermatitis
myco/dermat/itis
fungus/skin/ inflammation
(MAI-koh-der-mah-TAI-its)

A

inflammation of the skin caused by fungus

146
Q

mycosis
myc/osis
fungus/conditon
(mai-KOH-sis)

A

a fungal condition

147
Q

onychodystrophy
onycho/dys/trophy
nail/bad/nourishment
(AWN-ih-koh-DIS-troh-fee)

A

poor nourishment (and development) of the nail

148
Q

onychomycosis
onycho/myc/osis
nail/fungus/ condition
(AWN-ih-koh-mai-KOH-sis)

A

a fungal condition of the nail

149
Q

tinea
worm
(TIN-ee-ah)

A

a fungal condition often called “ringworm” due to its circular appearance

150
Q

trichomycosis
tricho/myc/osis
hair/fungus/condition
(TRIK-oh-MAI-koh-sis)

A

a fungal condition of the hair

151
Q

actinic dermatitis
actin/ic dermat/itis
sun ray/ pertaining to skin/ inflammation
(ak-TIN-ik DER-mah-TAI-tis)

A

inflammation of the skin caused by sun exposure

152
Q

dermatitis
dermat/itis
skin/ inflammation
(DER-mah-TAI-itis)

A

inflammation of the skin

153
Q

seborrheic dermatitis
sebo/rrhe/ ic dermat/itis
oil/ discharge/ pertaining to skin/ inflammation
(SEB-oh-REE-ik DER-mah-TAI-tis)

A

inflammation of the skin caused by the discharge of oil (sebum)

154
Q

steatitis
steat/itis
fat/inflammation
(STEE-ah-TAIT-is)

A

inflammation of fat tissue

155
Q

burn affecting only the epidermis or superficial layer of the skin

A

first-degree burn

156
Q

deeper burn affecting both the epidermis and dermis

A

second-degree burn

157
Q

deep burn affecting the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer

A

third-degree burn

158
Q

deep burn affecting not just all layers of the skin (epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer) but also underlying tissues like muscle, fascia, or bone

A

fourth-degree burn

159
Q

a drug that temporarily blocks sensation

A

anesthetic
an/esthetic
no/senstation
(AN-es-THET-ik)

160
Q

a drug that destroys or opposes growth of microorganisms

A

antibiotic
anti/biotic
against/ life
(ANT-ai-bai-OH-tik)

161
Q

a drug that opposes the effects of histamine

A

antihistamine
anti/histamine
against/ histamine
(ANT-ih-HIS-tah-MEEN)

162
Q

a drug that prevents or relieves itching

A

antipruritic
anti/ pruritic
against/ itching
(ANT-ih-proo-RIT-ik)

163
Q

a drug that prevents sepsis (rotting of flesh) by killing microorganisms

A

antiseptic
anti/ septic
against/ rottting
(ANT-ih-SEP-ik)

164
Q

pertaining to the skin

A

epidermal
epi/derm/al
upon/skin/ pertaining to
(EP-ih-DER-mal)

165
Q

pertaining to beneath the skin

A

hypodermic
hypo/derm/ic
beneath/ skin/ pertaining to
(HAI-poh-DER-mik)

166
Q

pertaining to inside the skin

A

intradermal
intra/derm/al
inside/ skin/ pertaining to
(in-tra-DER-mal)

167
Q

pertaining to through the skin

A

percutaneous
per/cutane/ous
through/skin/pertaining to
(PER-kyoo-TAH-nee-us)

168
Q

pertaining to beneath the skin

A

subcutaneous
sub/cutane/ous
beneath/ skin/ pertaining to
(SUB-kyoo-TAH-nee-us)

169
Q

applies directly to the skin

A

topical
topic/al
place/pertaining to
(TAWP-ih-kal)

170
Q

pertaining to through the skin

A

transdermal
trans/ derm/ al
through/skin/ pertaining to
(TRANZ-DERM-al)

171
Q

removal of tissue that has been destroyed using chemicals

A

chemosurgery
chemo/surgery
chemical/surgery
(KEEM-oh-SIR-jer-ee)

172
Q

treatment using chemicals

A

chemotherapy
chemo/therapy
chemical/treatment
(KEE-moh-THER-ah-pee)

173
Q

destruction of tissue through freezing

A

cryosurgery
cryo/surgery
cold/ surgery
(KRAI-oh-SIR-juh-ree)

174
Q

rubbing or scraping away the outer surface of skin

A

dermabrasion
derm/ab/rasion
skin/away/rub
(DERM-ah-BRAY-zhun)

175
Q

using electricity to destroy tissue by burning it

A

electrocauterization
electro/cauteriz/ation
electricity/burn/ process
(e-LEK-troh-KAW-ter-ai-ZAY-shun)

176
Q

using electricity to destroy tissue by drying it

A

electrodesiccation
electro/desicc/ation
electricity/drying/process
(e-LEK-troh-DES-ih-KAY-shun)

177
Q

to cut into a wound to allow trapped infected liquid to drain

A

incision and drainage (I&D)
in/cision
in/cut

178
Q

removal of fatty tissue

A

lipectomy
lip/ectomy
fat/removal
(lih-PEK-toh-mee)

179
Q

removal of fatty tissue using a vacuum

A

liposuction
lipo/suction
fat/vacuum
(LAI-poh-SUK-shun)

180
Q

remove of a nail

A

onychectomy
onych/ectomy
nail/removal
(AWN-ih-KEK-toh-mee)

181
Q

incision into a nail

A

onychotomy
onycho/tomy
nail/ incision
(AWN-ih-KOT-oh-mee)

182
Q

reconstruction of wrinkled skin

A

rhytidoplasty
rhytido/plasty
wrinkle/ reconstruction
(RIT-ih-doh-PLAS-tee)

183
Q

skin transplant taken from a different place on the patient’s body

A

autograft
auto/graft
self/transplant
(AWT-oh-GRAFT)

184
Q

skin transplant taken from another member of the patient’s species(homo, because it is from a similar species, and allo, because it is from another person)

A

homograft (allograft)
homo/graft
(allo/graft)
similar/ transplant
(other/ transplant)
(HOH-moh-GRAFT) (AL-oh-GRAFT)

185
Q

skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient’s

A

heterograft
hetero/graft
different/ transplant
(HET-eh-roh-GRAFT)

186
Q

Skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient’s

A

xenograft
xeno/graft
foreign/ transplant
(HET-eh-roh-GRAFT)

187
Q

asymmetry, border ,color, diameter, evolving

A

ABCDE

188
Q

actinic keratosis

A

AK

189
Q

biopsy

A

Bx

190
Q

culture and sensitivity

A

C&S

191
Q

deramatology

A

derm

192
Q

intradermal

A

ID

193
Q

subcutaneous

A

SC/SQ

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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