Ch 3 The Integumentary System - Dermatology Flashcards
memorize terms
integumentary system
the skin
roots: (cutaneo/ dermo)
skin
The outermost layer the one that is visible and is made of large cells that look like scales.
Epidermis
largest organ of the body
skin
skin is affected by environmental variables such as:
- Chemicals
- Pathogens
- Radiation
- Temperature
Functions of the skin
- Barrier and Protection
- Vitamin D production
- Body temperature regulation
- Sensation
- Excretion (sweat)
Under the epidermis lies a deeper layer that is much thicker has fewer cells and more thick fibers to give the skin strength and flexibility.
- home to hair follicles, nerves, and glands
dermis
Skin has two types of glands, which are groups of cells that release fluid.
- sweat glands (hidro) release sweat to rid the body of waste and cool the body
-sebaceous glands (sebaceo) secrete oil as a natural moisturizer for the skin and hair.
The nerves of the dermis detect …
Fine pressure, deep pressure, temperature, and pain
- Skin is the largest sensory organ in your body.
The end of your fingers and toes are nails specialized tissue made of hard substance
Keratin
Nails functions
- protect fingers/ toes
- provide a good base for movement
adip/o, lip/o, steat/o
Fat
cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o
skin
pil/o, trich/o
Hair
hidr/o
Sweat
onych/o, ungu/o
Nail
seb/o, sebace/o
Oil
crypt/o
hidden
kerat/o
hard, horny
xer/o
dry
leuk/o, alb/o
white
erythr/o
red
xanth/o
yellow
melan/o
black
abrasion
ab/ rasion
away/ scrape
(uh-BRAY-zhun)
scraping away of skin
albinism
albin/ ism
white/ condition
(AL-bih-nizm)
lack of pigment in skin causing patient to look white
albino
(al-BIH-noh)
a person afflicted with albinism
alopecia
(AL-oh-PEE-shah)
baldness
anhidrosis
an/ hidr/ osis
no/ sweat/ condition
(AN-hai-DROH-sis)
lack of sweating
comedo
to eat up
(KOM-eh-doh)
a hair follicle that is plugged with sebum (black head, white head)
cyanhidrosis
cyan/hidr/osis
blue/sweat/condition
(sai-an-hai-DROH-sis)
blue sweat
depigmentation
de/pigment/ation
away/pigment/ condition
(DE-pig-men-TAY-shun)
loss of pigmentation
dermatalgia
dermat/algia
skin/ pain
(DER-mah-TAL-jah)
skin pain
dermatodynia
dermato/dynia
skin/pain
(der-MAH-toh-DIH-nee-ah)
skin pain
dermatolysis
dermato/ lysis
skin/ loose
(DER-mah-TAWL-ih-sis)
loose skin
erythema
redness
(ER-ih-THEE-mah)
redness
erythroderma
erythro/ derma
red/ skin
(eh-RITH-roh-DER-mah)
red skin
hemathidrosis
hemat/hidr/osis
blood/sweat/condition
(hee-MAT-hai-DROH-sis)
sweating blood
hidropoiesis
hidro/ poiesis
sweat/ formation
(HAI-droh-poi-EE-sis)
the formation of sweat
hyperhidrosis
hyper/ hidr/ osis
over/ sweat/ condition
(HAI-per-hai-DROH-sis)
excessive sweating
hyperkerotosis
hyper/ kerat/ osis
over/ horny/ condition
(HAI-per-KER-ah-TOH-sis)
excessive growth of horny skin
hypermelanosis
hyper/ melan/ osis
over/ black/ condition
(HAI-per-mel-ah-NOH-sis)
excessive melanin in the skin
hyperpigmentation
hyper/ pigment/ ation
over/ pigment/ conditon
(HAI-per-PIG-men-TAY-shun)
excessive pigment in the skin
hypohidrosis
hypo/hidr/osis
under/ sweat/ conditon
(HAI-poh-hai-DROH-sis)
diminished sweating
hypomelanosis
hypo/melan/osis
under/ black/ condition
(HAI-poh-mel-ah-NOH-sis)
diminished melanin in the skin
hypopigmentation
hypo/pigment/ation
under/pigment/condition
(HAI-poh-PIG-men-TAY-shun)
diminished pigment in the skin
leukoderma
leuko/derma
white/skin
(LOO-koh-DER-mah)
white skin
macerate
to make soft
(MAS-ih-rayt)
to soften the skin
onychophagia
onycho/ phagia
nail/ eat
(awn-ih-koh-FAY-jah)
eating or biting the nails
pruritus
itching
(proo-RAI-tus)
an itch
rhytidermia
rhyti/dermia
wrinkle/skin
(rih-tih-DER-mee-ah)
wrinkled skin
sebopoiesis
sebo/poiesis
oil/formation
(see-boh-poi-EE-sis)
formation of oil (sebum)
seborrhea
sebo/rrhea
oil/ discharge
(seb-or-EE-ah)
discharge of oil (sebum)
trichomegaly
tricho/megaly
hair/ enlargement
(TRIK-oh-MEG-ah-lee)
abnormally thick hair
urticaria
burning nettle
(URT-ih-KAR-ee-ah)
swollen raised itchy area of the skin
xanthoderma
xantho/ derma
yellow/ skin
(ZAN-thoh-DER-mah)
yellow skin
xeroderma
xero/derma
dry/ skin
(ZER-oh-DER-mah)
dry skin
xerosis
xer/osis
dry/ condition
(ze-ROH-sis)
condition of dryness
rash is limited to a specific area
localized
rash is all over the body
generalized
rashes that start from the middle and work their way outward are..
centrifugal
Rashes that spread from the outside inward are
centripetal
small bumps (under 1cm )
papules
bumps over 1cm
nodules
large and flat bumps like a plateau
plaques
small bumps (less than 1cm) filled with clear fluid are called
vesicles
Bumps filled with pus are known as
pustules
A large vesicle such as a blister is called
bulla
larger pustules are called
abscesses
small flat spots such as freckles are known as
macules
larger macules are
patches
macule, macula (freckle)
spot or stain
(MAK-yool), (MAK-yoo-lah)
*Flat, Nonpalpable
small, flat, discolored area
patch (vitiligo)
spot or stain
pach (vit-il-AI-goh)
*Flat, Nonpalpable
lager, flat, discolored area
papule
pimple
(PAP-yool)
*Elevated, Palpable, Solid mass
a small solid mass
plaque
(PLAK)
*Elevated, Palpable, Solid mass
a solid mass on the surface of the skin
nodule
(NOJ-yool)
*Elevated, Palpable, Solid mass
a solid mass that extends deeper into the skin
tumor
(TOO-mur)
*Elevated, Palpable, Solid mass
a larger solid mass
vesicle
ves/ icle
bladder/ little
(VES-i-kul)
*Elevated, Fluid-Filled
a small blister
bulla
bubble
(BUL-ah)
*Elevated, Fluid-Filled
pustule
little blister
(PUS-tyool)
*Elevated, Fluid-Filled
a pus-filled blister
abscess
ab/scess
away/ go
(AB-ses)
*Elevated, Fluid-Filled
a localized collection of pus in the body
erosion
e/ rosion
away/ gnaw/eat
(ee-ROH-zhun)
*Loss of Skin Surface
loss of skin
ulcer
sore
(UL-sir)
*Loss of Skin Surface
a sore
excoriation
ex/ cori/ ation
out/skin/conditon
(eks-koh-ree-A-shun)
*Loss of Skin Surface
a scratch
fissure
split or divide
(FISH-ur)
*Loss of Skin Surface
a crack in the skin
scale
(SKAYL)
*Loss of Skin Surface
skin flaking off
crust
(KRUST)
* Material on Skin Surface
a dried substance (i.e., blood, pus) on the skin
vascular lesion
blood vessel wound
(VAS-kyoo-lar-LEE-zhun)
wounds related to blood vessels
cherry angioma
angi/ oma
blood vessel/tumor
(CHEH-ree AN-jee-OH-mah)
*vascular lesion
a small blood vessel tumor
telangiectasia (spider angioma)
tel/angi/ectasia
end/blood vessel/expansion
(TEL-AN-jee-ek-TAY-zhuh)
*vascular lesion
the overexpansion of the end of a blood vessel; sometimes called a spider angioma because of how it looks on the skin
petechia
freckle or spot
(puh-TEE-kee-yah)
*vascular lesion
a small bruise
ecchymosis
to pour out
(ek-ih-MOH-sis)
*vascular lesion
a larger bruise
cicatrix (plural: cicatrices)
scar
(SIK-ah-triks)
*vascular lesion
scar
keloid
kel/oid
tumor/ resembling
(KEE-loid)
*vascular lesion
overgrowth of scar tissue
epidermal tumors
epi/derm/al tumor
upon/ skin/ pertaining to tumor
(EP-ih-DER-mal TOO-murs)
tumors on the skin
nevus
birthmark or mole
(NEE-vus)
mole
dysplastic nevus
dys/ plastic nevus
bad/ formation mole
(dis-PLAS-tic NEE-vus)
a mole with bad changes/formations (often precancerous)
verruca
wart
(ver-ROO-kah)
wart
culture and sensitivity (C&S)
(KUL-chur and sin-sih-TIV-ih-tee)
growing microorganisms in isolation in order to determine which drugs the might respond to
biopsy (Bx)
bi/ops/y
two/eye/procedure
(BAI-op-see)
removal of tissue in order to examine it (with your own to eyes)
excisional biopsy
ex/ cision/ al
out/ cut/ pertaining to
(ek-SIH-zhun-al)
the removal of an entire lesion for examination (to cut it out)
incisional biopsy
in/cision/ al
in/ cut/ pertaining to
(in-SIH-zhun-al)
removal of a portion of a lesion for examination (to cut into it)
dermatoscope
dermato/ scope
skin/ instrument to look
(der-MAT-oh-SKOHP)
instrument used to look at the skin
dermatoscopy
dermato/ scopy
skin/ looking procedure
(DER-mah-TAWS-koh-pee)
procedure for looking at the skin
adipocele
adipo/ cele
fat/ hernia
(AD-ih-poh-SEEL)
a hernia filled with fatty tissue
dermatofibroma
dermato/fibr/oma
skin/fiber/ tumor
(DER-mah-toh-fai-BROH-mah)
a fibrous skin tumor
erythrocyanosis
erytho/ cyan/ osis
red/blue/condition
(eh-rith-roh-SAI-ah-NOH-sis)
a red and/or blue discoloration of the skin
keratogenic
kerato/ gen/ ic
horny/ creation/ pertaining to
(ker-at-oh-JEN-ik)
causing horny tissue development
keratosis
kerat/osis
horny/ condition
(KER-ah-TOH-sis)
horny tissue condition
necrosis
necr/osis
death/ condition
(neh-KROH-sis)
tissue death
onychia
onych/ia
nail/condition
(oh-NIK-ee-ah)
a nail conditon
onychocryptosis
onycho/crypt/osis
nail/hiden/condition
(AWN-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis)
an ingrown nail
onycholysis
onycho/lysis
nail/loose
(AWN-ih-KAWL-ih-is)
the loss of a nail
onychomalacia
onycho/ malacia
nail/softening
(AWN-ih-koh-mah-LAY-shah)
abnormal softening of a nail
onychopathy
onycho/pathy
nail/ disease
(awn-ih-KOP-ath-ee)
nail disease
pachyderma
pachy/ derma
thick/ skin
(pak-ih-DER-mah)
tough skin
paronychia
par/onych/ia
around/nail/condition
(par-aw-NIK-ee-ah)
a condition of the tissue around a nail
steatoma
steat/oma
fat/ tumor
(STEE-ah-TOH-mah)
a fatty tumor
xanthoma
xanth/oma
yellow/tumor
(zan-THOH-mah)
a yellow tumor
basal cell carcinomas, melanomas, and squamous cell carcinomas are all tumors associated with
sun exposure
The most common cancer of the skin, often presents as a round, flesh-colored, and pearly nodule
basal cell carcinoma
a cancer of the pigment-producing cells in the skin, is not the most common form of skin cancer, it is responsible for the most. - are brown in color.
Melanoma
can occur anywhere in the skin where squamous cells are found. Begins as a small papule but eventually leads to an ulcer
squamous cell carcinoma
precancerous condition also associated with sun exposure.
Actinic keratosis
decubitus ulcer
de/ cubitus ulcer
down/ lie sore
(deh-KYOO-bih-tus UL-sir)
bed sore
dermatosis
dermat/ osis
skin/ conditon
(DER-mah-TOH-sis)
skin condition
dermopathy
dermo/pathy
skin/disease
(der-MAW-pa-thee)
skin disease
atopic dermatitis
a/top/ic/ dermat/itis
not/place/ pertaining to/ skin inflammation
(AY-taw-pik DER-mah-TAIT-is)
a chronic dry inflammatory disease characterized by itching
hypertrichosis
hyper/trich/osis
over/ hair/ condition
(HAI-per-trih-KOH-sis)
excessive growth of hair
ichthyosis
ichthy/osis
fish scale/ condition
(IK-thee-OH-sis)
a condition in the skin is dry and scaly resembling fish scales
postpartum alopecia
post/partum/alopecia
after/birth/baldness
(post-PART-um AL-oh-PEE-shah)
baldness experienced by women after a pregnancy
psoriasis
psor/iasis
itch/ presence of
(soh-RAI-ah-sis)
a skin condition characterized by patches of itchy, red, scaly skin.
sclerodermatitis
sclero/dermat/itis
hard/ skin/ inflammation
(SKLEH-roh-der-mah-TAI-tis)
inflammation of the skin accompanied by thickening and hardening
scleronychia
scler/onych/ia
hard/nail/condition
(SKLEH-roh-NIK-ee-ah)
thickening and hardening of the nails
xanthosis
xanth/osis
yellow/condition
(zan-THOH-sis)
yellowing of the skin
actinic keratosis
actin/ic/ kerat/osis
sun ray/ pertaining to/ horny/condition
(ak-TIN-ik KER-ah-TOH-sis)
horny skin condition caused by sun exposure
basal cell carcinoma
basal cell carcin/oma
basal cell cancer/tumor
(BAY-zul sell KAR-sin-OH-mah)
cancerous tumor of basal skin cells
hidradenoma
hidr/aden/oma
sweat/gland/tumor
(HAI-drad-eh-NOH-mah)
tumor of the sweat gland
malignant cutaneous neoplasm
malignant cutane/ ous neo/ plasm
harmful skin/ pertaining to new/ formation
(mah-LIG-nant kuh-TAY-nee-us NEE-oh-plazm)
a harmful new formation of skin tissue (i.e., skin cancer)
malignant melanoma
malignant melan/oma
malignant black/tumor
(ma-LIG-nant MEL-ah-NOH-mah)
a harmful tumor of melanin cells
squamous cell carcinoma
squam/ous cell carcin/oma
scale/ pertaining to cell cancer/ tumor
(SKWAY-mus sell KAR-sin-OH-mah)
cancerous tumor of squamous skin cells
acne vulgaris
acne common
(AK-nee vul-GAR-is)
inflammation of the skin follicles
dermatomycosis
dermato/myc/osis
skin/fungus/condition
(DER-mat-oh-mai-KOH-sis)
a fungal skin condition
hidradenitis
hidr/aden/itis
sweat/gland/inflammation
(HAI-drad-en-AIT-is)
inflammation of the sweat glands
impetigo
to attack
(im-peh-TAI-goh)
a highly contagious bacterial infection of the skin
mycodermatitis
myco/dermat/itis
fungus/skin/ inflammation
(MAI-koh-der-mah-TAI-its)
inflammation of the skin caused by fungus
mycosis
myc/osis
fungus/conditon
(mai-KOH-sis)
a fungal condition
onychodystrophy
onycho/dys/trophy
nail/bad/nourishment
(AWN-ih-koh-DIS-troh-fee)
poor nourishment (and development) of the nail
onychomycosis
onycho/myc/osis
nail/fungus/ condition
(AWN-ih-koh-mai-KOH-sis)
a fungal condition of the nail
tinea
worm
(TIN-ee-ah)
a fungal condition often called “ringworm” due to its circular appearance
trichomycosis
tricho/myc/osis
hair/fungus/condition
(TRIK-oh-MAI-koh-sis)
a fungal condition of the hair
actinic dermatitis
actin/ic dermat/itis
sun ray/ pertaining to skin/ inflammation
(ak-TIN-ik DER-mah-TAI-tis)
inflammation of the skin caused by sun exposure
dermatitis
dermat/itis
skin/ inflammation
(DER-mah-TAI-itis)
inflammation of the skin
seborrheic dermatitis
sebo/rrhe/ ic dermat/itis
oil/ discharge/ pertaining to skin/ inflammation
(SEB-oh-REE-ik DER-mah-TAI-tis)
inflammation of the skin caused by the discharge of oil (sebum)
steatitis
steat/itis
fat/inflammation
(STEE-ah-TAIT-is)
inflammation of fat tissue
burn affecting only the epidermis or superficial layer of the skin
first-degree burn
deeper burn affecting both the epidermis and dermis
second-degree burn
deep burn affecting the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer
third-degree burn
deep burn affecting not just all layers of the skin (epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer) but also underlying tissues like muscle, fascia, or bone
fourth-degree burn
a drug that temporarily blocks sensation
anesthetic
an/esthetic
no/senstation
(AN-es-THET-ik)
a drug that destroys or opposes growth of microorganisms
antibiotic
anti/biotic
against/ life
(ANT-ai-bai-OH-tik)
a drug that opposes the effects of histamine
antihistamine
anti/histamine
against/ histamine
(ANT-ih-HIS-tah-MEEN)
a drug that prevents or relieves itching
antipruritic
anti/ pruritic
against/ itching
(ANT-ih-proo-RIT-ik)
a drug that prevents sepsis (rotting of flesh) by killing microorganisms
antiseptic
anti/ septic
against/ rottting
(ANT-ih-SEP-ik)
pertaining to the skin
epidermal
epi/derm/al
upon/skin/ pertaining to
(EP-ih-DER-mal)
pertaining to beneath the skin
hypodermic
hypo/derm/ic
beneath/ skin/ pertaining to
(HAI-poh-DER-mik)
pertaining to inside the skin
intradermal
intra/derm/al
inside/ skin/ pertaining to
(in-tra-DER-mal)
pertaining to through the skin
percutaneous
per/cutane/ous
through/skin/pertaining to
(PER-kyoo-TAH-nee-us)
pertaining to beneath the skin
subcutaneous
sub/cutane/ous
beneath/ skin/ pertaining to
(SUB-kyoo-TAH-nee-us)
applies directly to the skin
topical
topic/al
place/pertaining to
(TAWP-ih-kal)
pertaining to through the skin
transdermal
trans/ derm/ al
through/skin/ pertaining to
(TRANZ-DERM-al)
removal of tissue that has been destroyed using chemicals
chemosurgery
chemo/surgery
chemical/surgery
(KEEM-oh-SIR-jer-ee)
treatment using chemicals
chemotherapy
chemo/therapy
chemical/treatment
(KEE-moh-THER-ah-pee)
destruction of tissue through freezing
cryosurgery
cryo/surgery
cold/ surgery
(KRAI-oh-SIR-juh-ree)
rubbing or scraping away the outer surface of skin
dermabrasion
derm/ab/rasion
skin/away/rub
(DERM-ah-BRAY-zhun)
using electricity to destroy tissue by burning it
electrocauterization
electro/cauteriz/ation
electricity/burn/ process
(e-LEK-troh-KAW-ter-ai-ZAY-shun)
using electricity to destroy tissue by drying it
electrodesiccation
electro/desicc/ation
electricity/drying/process
(e-LEK-troh-DES-ih-KAY-shun)
to cut into a wound to allow trapped infected liquid to drain
incision and drainage (I&D)
in/cision
in/cut
removal of fatty tissue
lipectomy
lip/ectomy
fat/removal
(lih-PEK-toh-mee)
removal of fatty tissue using a vacuum
liposuction
lipo/suction
fat/vacuum
(LAI-poh-SUK-shun)
remove of a nail
onychectomy
onych/ectomy
nail/removal
(AWN-ih-KEK-toh-mee)
incision into a nail
onychotomy
onycho/tomy
nail/ incision
(AWN-ih-KOT-oh-mee)
reconstruction of wrinkled skin
rhytidoplasty
rhytido/plasty
wrinkle/ reconstruction
(RIT-ih-doh-PLAS-tee)
skin transplant taken from a different place on the patient’s body
autograft
auto/graft
self/transplant
(AWT-oh-GRAFT)
skin transplant taken from another member of the patient’s species(homo, because it is from a similar species, and allo, because it is from another person)
homograft (allograft)
homo/graft
(allo/graft)
similar/ transplant
(other/ transplant)
(HOH-moh-GRAFT) (AL-oh-GRAFT)
skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient’s
heterograft
hetero/graft
different/ transplant
(HET-eh-roh-GRAFT)
Skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient’s
xenograft
xeno/graft
foreign/ transplant
(HET-eh-roh-GRAFT)
asymmetry, border ,color, diameter, evolving
ABCDE
actinic keratosis
AK
biopsy
Bx
culture and sensitivity
C&S
deramatology
derm
intradermal
ID
subcutaneous
SC/SQ
