Chapter 4 The Musculoskeletal System— Orthopedics Flashcards
moves you and allows you to
move objects.
The musculoskeletal system
The musculoskeletal system
-The skeleton supports the load
-Muscles provide the power to
move you and objects, both
small and large.
Most bones start as
cartilage
When blood enters the cartilage,
it promotes
the change of cartilage to bone.
The blood vessels cause the middle of the
bone
to hollow out.
An area of cartilage remains
near the ends of
the bones.
Epiphyseal plate
(growth plate)
-This allows the bone to continue to grow
lengthwise.
-The epiphyseal plate turns to bone at the end of puberty
Epiphyseal plate (growth plate)
Areas of long
bones
- Epiphysis –
ends of bones - Diaphysis –
middle of bone;
also called shaft - Metaphysis –
neck; connects
the diaphysis
with the
epiphysis
Each bone has three
main layers:
- Periosteum: The
periosteum is a tough
membrane that covers
and protects the outside
of the bone. - Compact bone: Below
the periosteum,
compact bone is white,
hard, and smooth. … - Spongy bone: The
core, inner layer of the
bone is softer than
compact bone.
framework for your body
Skeleton
The five parts of your
axial skeleton
-skull
ribs,
Axial (center)
Skeleton – framework for your body
-Axial (center) - The five parts of your
axial skeleton
- Appendicular
Axial skeleton
-Skull
- Spine
-The spine is made up of vertebrae.
- Vertebral sections include the 7
cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, and
1 sacral.
- Sternum = 3 parts
- Ribs = 24 (most people)
- Sternum = 3 parts
- Sacrum & coccyx = important weight
bearing
Appendicular skeleton
Upper extremities:
-Arms (3 bones)
- Wrists (8bones)
- Hands (19 bones)
Lower extremities:
- Legs (3 bones)
- Ankles (7 bones)
- Feet
bone
Oste/o
cranium Head, skull (not brain)
Crani/o
(Head)
Cephal/o
(neck)
Cervic/o
vertebrae
Spondyl/o
lumbar; lower back
Lumb/o
arm
Brachi/o
finger
Dactyl/o
wrist
Carp/o
rib
Cost/o
femur
Femor/o
tibia
Tibi/o
ankle
Tars/o
Where two bones meet
Joints (6 different kinds of joints)
