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Associate Safety Professional > Chapter 4 - Particulates and Gases > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Particulates and Gases Flashcards

1
Q

Atomic Number

A

of protons in the nucleus

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2
Q

Atomic Mass

A

protons, neutrons, and electrons

measured in grams - average weight of the natural isotopes compared to carbon

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3
Q

Atomic weight of Sodium (Na)

A

23

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4
Q

Atomic weight of Hydrogen (H)

A

1

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5
Q

Atomic WEight of Carbon (C)

A

12

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6
Q

Atomic weight of Nitrogen (N)

A

14

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7
Q

Atomic Weight of Oxygen (O)

A

16

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8
Q

Atom

A

Basic unit of matter
Nucleus contains positively charged protons and neutrally charged nuetrons
Surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons

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9
Q

Ion

A

Charged atom

Positively charged ions have fewer electrons than protons

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10
Q

Electron shell

A

Orbits of electrons around the nucleus

Number of electron shells determined by number of electrons

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11
Q

Valence Electrons

A

Electrons in the outermost electron shell

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12
Q

Shells with a complete number of electrons

A

Inert

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13
Q

Ionic Bonding

A

Two atoms exchange electrons

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14
Q

Covalent bonding

A

electrons are shared between two atoms in a molocule

usually non-metals

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15
Q

Moles

A

SI unit that describes the atomic weight in terms of grams/mole
Weight of one mole of a substance in grams is molar mass
1 mole has 6.02 x 10^23 atoms (Avagadro’s number)

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16
Q

Molecule

A

Unit of matter formed by the chemical combination of two or more atoms

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17
Q

Compound

A

Substance composed of all the same kinds of molecules (water)

18
Q

Mixtures

A

Not the result of chemical bonding

consist of separate elements or compounds that are mixed together

19
Q

solute

A

that which is dissolved

20
Q

solvent

A

What a solute is dissolved into

21
Q

Atomic Weight of a compound

A

Add atomic weights of individual atoms remembering to multiply the individual weights by the number of atoms of each present in the compound

22
Q

pH

A

-log [H+]

23
Q

Neutral pH

A

7

24
Q

pH greater than 7

A

basic

25
Q

pH below 7

A

acidic

26
Q

Four gas laws

A

Boyle’s Law
Charles’ Law
Ideal Gas Law
Combined Gas Law

27
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

P1V1=P2V2
At constant temperature, a fixed mass of gas occupies a volume, which is inversely proportional to the pressure exerted upon it

28
Q

Charles’ Law

A

At constant temperature, the volume occupied by a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature
Volume1/ Temperature 1 = Volume 2/ Temperature 2

29
Q

Ideal Gas Law

A 
PV = nRT
P= absolute pressure (psai)
n= moles
R = universal gas constant
30
Q

Combined Gas Law

A

Combines Charles and Boyle’s Law

Pressure 1 * Volume 1 / Temp 1 = Pressure 2 * Volume 2 / Temp 2

31
Q

Vapors

A

a gaseous form of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid at room temperature

32
Q

Gases

A

substances that completely occupy a space and can be converted to a liquid or solid by increasing or decreasing temperature

33
Q

Vapor Pressure

A

the pressure that a vapor at equilibrium with a pure liquid at a given temperature exerts to the surrounding atmosphere

34
Q

Particulate

A

fine solid or liquid particles, such as dust, fog, mist, smoke, or spray

35
Q

Dust

A

Solid particles generated by a mechanical action (crushing, grinding, etc.) Size ranges from 0.1 to 30um

36
Q

Fume

A

Airborne solid particles formed by the condensation of vapor (ie welding fumes) Size ranges from 0.001 to 1.0um

37
Q

Mist

A

`Suspended liquid droplets generated by condensation or atomization (fogs formed by condensation). Size ranges from 0.01 to 10um

38
Q

Fibers

A

Particulate with an aspect ratios (length to width) of 3:1

39
Q

Standard Temperature and Pressure

A

25C and 1 atm
In physical sciences STP = 0C and 1 atm
When discussing ventilation STP = 70F and 1 atm

40
Q

Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

A

Maximum exposure concentration to a contaminant that an employee can be exposed to in an 8 hour workday
only OSHA standard that is enforceable by law

41
Q

Threshold Limit Value (TLV)

A

Established by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist
Established exposure time for various contaminants in an 8 hour workday
AAGIH does not consider economic impact when establishing TLVs, so they are sometimes more strict than PELs

42
Q

Time-weighted average (TWA)

A

Concentration that an employee is exposed to for a specific period of time
PEL and TLV both established for time weighted average of 8 hours

Associate Safety Professional (15 decks)

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