Chapter 19. Management Theories Flashcards
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs introduced in what year
Introduced in 1943
Lower needs must be satisfied first- order from lower to higher
Physiological
Safety
Love/Belonging
Esteem
Self Actualization
McGregor- Theory X
main source of employee motivation is monetary and security- management by coercion, threats or micromanagement
McGregor Theory Y
employees motivated by esteem and self-actualization
to improve motivation
decentralize and delegate
job enlargement
participative management
performance appraisals
Herzberg Motivational Theory
Hygiene Factors- affect level of dissatisfaction buy are not creators of satisfaction- supervision, interpersonal relationships, physical working conditions, salary
Motivation factors- achievement, advancement, recognition, responsibility
Deming Cycle
continuous improvement quality model
Plan, Do, Check, Act
Management by Objectives
Drucker- MBO
employee achieves personal goals and has direct impact on the success of the organization
Features/Advantages
Motivation
Improved communication and coordination
clarity of goals
Contingency Theory
no one best way to organize a corporation, group or organization- contingent upon internal and external situation
Systems Theory
interdisciplinary - nature of complex systems
organization is treated as a system
Chaos Theory
future behavior determined by initial conditions
not predictable
Management Styles
Autocratic (makes all decisions) and Permissive (gives employees autonomy)
Directive Democrat
Directive Autocrat
Permissive Democrat
Permissive Autocrat
