Chapter 4 - Metallic Bonding Flashcards
what is an alloy
a mixture of different metals with enhanced properties to serve a specific purpose
define alloying
the process of mixing metals with other metals and some noon-metals to change the original metals properties
what is substitutional alloy
an alloy where the metal atoms being used to make the alloy are the same size as the original atoms. they replace spaces in the original crystal.
what is an interstitial alloy
an alloy where the metal atoms being used to make the alloy are smaller or larger than the original atoms. They fill the gaps and spaces between the larger atoms.
what is a grain
regions of tightly packed together cations in a metallic compound.
what are the 3 ways to modify a metal
heat treatment
alloying
work hardening
what is work hardening
constantly working a malleable metal. this makes many dislocations in the metal crystal which then produces smaller grains and a more brittle substance
what are the 3 ways of heat treatment
annealing
quenching
tempering
what is the process of annealing
heating a metal to red hot temp
cooling it slowly
creates larger grains
creates more malleable metal
what is the process of quenching
heating a metal to red hot temp
cooling it immediately
creates smaller grains and more dislocations
creates more brittle and hard metal
what is the process of tempering
heating a quenched metal to a gentle heat
cooling it slowly
forms large grains so makes the metal malleable but retains the hardness from the quenched metal.
what does surface protection do
stop water and air coming into contact with the substance
what types of surface protection arrest ere
plastic
paint
grease/oil
metal (noble coating)
metal properties acronym
many people lie down helping cats drown
malleable points lustrous dense hard conductive ductile
highest to lowest types of bonding
metallic ionic hydrogen bonding dipole-dipole attraction dispersion forces
define electrolysis
chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a substance to gain a pure substance.
explain the process of metal ore with carbon
a method of extraction where carbon is heated to turn into carbon monoxide which then helps separate metal ores into pure metals.
explain the process of metal ore with air
these metals are not that reactive so they can either be found in their pure state or can be extracted by normal means
bronze the alloy
made of copper, silicon and zinc
hard,strong,resistant to corrosion.
mining concerns
erosion,
formation of sinkholes,
loss of biodiversity,
contamination of earths surface
finite resources=becoming more expensive
differences between main group and transition metals
trans are harder, higher density and points
trans are less reactive
trans create coloured compounds
trans show variable oxidation states where main groups don’t
