Chapter 3 - Ionic Bonding Flashcards
define ionic bonding
a type of chemical, intra-molecular bonding where electrons from a metal are given to a non-metal, therefore holding the newly formed cation and anion together by electrostatic attraction.
what is intramolecular bonding
bonding between atoms in a molecule
what is intermolecular bonding
bonding and attraction between molecules of a substance
what does the octet rule state?
the octet rule states that atoms are more stable when they have a valence shell of eight electrons.
ionic bonding occurs primarily to satisfy the…
octet rule
when the octet rule is satisfied, compounds replicate the…
noble gases
what is a lattice?
a repeating, 3 dimensional pattern/arrangement of molecules. The ionic compound is like an empirical formula. it shows how many atoms are in the molecule but not in the total lattice.
lattices are found in…
metals and other crystalline solids
what is a polyatomic ion?
a group of tightly bound atoms that behaves as a single unit and carries an overall charge.
When discussing transition metals, you must always include the…
roman numerals to show the charge
what is the acronym for properties of ionic compounds?
cute people never can have dirty water embryo
what does the acronym stand for?
cute- crystalline people- high points never can- no conduction as a solid have- hard dirty water- dissolve in water embryo- EM.B- electricity when molten and brittle
why are ionic compounds crystalline solids?
due to the arrangement of ions in repeating 3D patterns
why do ionic compounds have high points
as a large amount of energy is needed to separate the immobile cations and anions
why do ionic compounds not conduct electricity in solid state
as there are no mobile particles to carry an electrical current
why are ionic compounds hard
as the strong electrostatic attraction between anions and cations holds molecules closely together
why do some ionic compounds dissolve in water
because polar water molecules can attract the charged particles and pull it apart
why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten?
as ions can slide past each other and carry an electric current
why do ionic compounds conduct electricity in aqueous state
in water, ions dissociate from the lattice and can conduct a current while moving freely.
why are ionic compounds brittle
as the ions are so tightly packed together, when like charges are forced near one another they will repel and ultimately shatter the crystal.
Ammonium
NH4
+
nitrate
NO3
-
phosphate
PO4
3-
carbonate
CO3
2-
chlorate
ClO3
-
Nitrite
NO2
-
Sulfite
SO3
2-
how to name ionic compounds
- name the metal first using its full name
2. name the non-metal second using a suffix
ate
ate is the largest value of oxygen
ite
ite is the second largest value of oxygen
ide
ide is just the non-metal on its own
