Chapter 4 Lecture Notes

Question 1

Aphasia

Answer 1

an acquired deficit in the ability to produce/comprehend written/spoken language due to damage to the brain

Question 2

What is aphasia caused by?

Answer 2

Caused by strokes to the left cerebral hemisphere

Question 3

Expressive language deficit

Answer 3

difficulty in formulation and production of language to communicate an intended meaning

Question 4

How does expressive language deficit arise?

Answer 4

Lesions in anterior portion of left cerebral hemisphere (Broca’s area)

Question 5

Receptive language deficit

Answer 5

deficit in the ability to derive meaning from language, print or spoken, at phrase sentence or narrative levels of language organization

Question 6

How does receptive language arise?

Answer 6

lesions in posterior portion of left hemisphere (Wernicke’s)

Question 7

Verbal comprehension deficit

Answer 7

inability to comprehend the spoken language other product

Question 8

Anomia

Answer 8

deficit in word finding ability

Question 9

Paraphasia’s

Answer 9

errors in phonemes, words, or phrases produce unintentionally due to higher level language deficits

Question 10

4 types of paraphasia’s

Answer 10

Phonemic paraphasia, neologism, semantic paraphasia, semantic paraphasia, unrelated verbal paraphasia

Question 11

Phonemic paraphasia

Answer 11

error of the phonemic level
ex. “taple” for “staple”

Question 12

Neologism

Answer 12

word produced is entirely different and more than 50% unintelligible
ex. “dowfler” for “pencil”

Question 13

Semantic paraphasia

Answer 13

word is substituted for another word that is similar in meaning
ex. “glass” for “cup or “cat” for “dog”

Question 14

Unrelated verbal paraphasia

Answer 14

a substitution word that not similar in meaning
ex. “lunch” for “bicycle”

Question 15

Perseverate

Answer 15

word that is said repeatedly and inappropriately
ex. saying “hammer” to answer every question

Question 15

Perseverative paraphasia

Answer 15

occurs when a word produced earlier in repeatedly and inadvertently produced by an individual instead of the intended word

Question 16

Agrammatism

Answer 16

lack of grammar by omitting function words

Question 17

Function/functor words

Answer 17

in-between words used to frame major content words in a sentence

Question 18

Content words

Answer 18

words at carry majority of meaning

Question 19

Telegraphic speech

Answer 19

few words are used, but words will carry a great deal of meaning

Question 20

Repetition deficit

Answer 20

inability to repeat due to lesion at acute fascicules

Question 21

Alexia

Answer 21

an acquired impairment of reading

Question 22

Agraphia

Answer 22

an acquired impairment in the ability to form letters or form words using letters