Chapter 1: Introduction Flashcards
What is a neurogenic communication disorder?
A problem with communication that happens from damage to the brain or other part of the nervous system
Why is it important to know and understand neurogenic communication disorders even if you never plan on working in a clinical setting?
The patient might experience other disorders that have to be treated in a clinical setting
What are some examples of neurogenic communication disorders?
Apraxia of speech, dementia, dysarthrias
What are some settings in which a SLP provides therapy for neurogenic communication disorder?
Nursing facilities, home health care, rehabilitionion facility, hospice care, schools, etc.
Compare and contrast speech, language, cognition.
Cognition: ability to think
Speech: sounds made by the vocal structures of body
Language: set of symbols used to communicate meaning
How might communication be compromised if a person’s cognition is not intact?
Effects your ability to communicate effectively
What is a general definition of attention?
Holding focus on one thing while something else is trying to distract them
List and describe the individual levels of attention.
Vigilance: staying alert
Sustained attention: holding attention on one thing
Selective attention: holding attention on one thing while ignoring another thing
Alternating attention: move attention back and forth
Divided attention: multitasking
Compare and contrast working memory and short-term memory.
Working: holding information for immediate processing
Short-term: holding information from few seconds to minutes
What are two gross divisions of language?
Expressive language: verbal or written
Receptive language: ability to understand spoken and written language
Do deficits in one aspect of speech, language, or cognition constitute a deficit in another area of speech, language, or cognition? Why or why not?
No
What are some subcategories of cognition?
Attention, working memory, short-term memory, long-term memory, procedural memory, declarative memory, episodic memory, orientation, problem solving
What are three areas of cognition that can decline in healthy aging?
Short-term memory, episodic memory, declarative memory
What are three areas of language that can decline in healthy aging?
Processing of verbal language, word finding ability, reading declines
What are three areas of language that are retained in health language?
Word-finding ability, confrontational naming, and slight delays in processing verbal language
Why is it important to know changes in speech, language, and cognition that are brought about by healthy aging?
So SLPs can recognize any abnormal pathologic changes
Why is evidence-based practice important?
To make sure SLPs are implementing legitimate basis for employing their therapies. If not, they are risking not serving their patients correctly and damaging their reputation
How might SLPs know that the therapy techniques they use are evidence-based?
Based on ASHA websites and clinical researchers
What rationale did the U.S. Department of Defense present in 2010 for denying cognitive rehabilitation services for veterans and soldiers returning from war with traumatic brain injuries?
That there was a lack of appropriate scientific evidence that cognitive therapies help individuals with brain injuries to recover
