Chapter 4 - Glucagon (glucagen)

Question 1

Presentation?

Answer 1

Glucagon injection, 1 milligram of powder in vial for reconstitution with water for injection.

Question 2

Indications?

Answer 2

Hypoglycaemia (blood glucose <4.0mm / per litre), especially in known diabetics.
Clinically suspected hypoglycaemia where oral glucose administration is not possible.
Unconscious patient where hypoglycaemia is considered likely cause.

Question 3

Actions?

Answer 3

Glucagon is a hormone that induces the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver, thereby raising blood glucose levels

Question 4

Contraindications?

Answer 4

Low glycogen stores.

Hypoglycaemic seizure - glucose 10% IV is preferred.

Question 5

Cautions?

Answer 5

Avoid IM administration of any drug when a patient is likely to require thombolysis.

Question 6

Side effects?

Answer 6

Nausea / vomiting.
Diarrhoea.
Hypokalaemia.
Hypotension.
Hypersensitivity reaction (rare).

Question 7

Administration?

Answer 7

Intramuscular- antero-lateral aspect of thigh or upper arm.

Question 8

Initial dose?

Answer 8

1 milligram.

Question 9

Repeat dose?

Answer 9

None.

Question 10

Volume?

Answer 10

1 vial.

Question 11

Max dose?

Answer 11

1 milligram.