chapter 4 extended Flashcards
You are called to a commercial creamery, where an employee got his arm trapped in the ice
cream mixing machinery. You note that the skin has been pulled off his hand and arm from the
mid forearm down. The patient’s muscles, tendons, and bones are exposed. This type of injury is
a(n):
A) amputation.
B) skinning injury.
C) degloving injury.
D) crush injury
degloving injury
) You are assessing an assault victim and note a contusion over the abdomen. Which of the
following should you remember while caring for this patient?
A) Unless the contusion is over a critical area, such as the spleen or liver, the likelihood of
serious injury is minimal.
B) A contusion to the abdomen should always increase your index of suspicion for underlying
injury.
C) If there is no rigidity or distension of the abdomen, serious injury is unlikely.
D) The significance of the trauma is related to the amount of pain the patient experiences on
palpation.
a contusion to the abdomen should always increase your index of suspicion for underlying injury
A nonpenetrating injury caused by blunt trauma that damages blood vessels, causing pain and discoloration, is a(n): A) ecchymosis. B) strain. C) abrasion. D) contusion.
contusion
You have responded for an injured person at an address you know to be a motorcycle
clubhouse. Your patient was attacked by another party with a broken beer bottle. Your patient has
a large laceration on her neck with moderate bleeding. Which property of your dressing material
is most important in caring for this patient?
A) Occlusive
B) Sterile
C) Absorbent
D) Adherent
occlusive
The tough, fibrous sheaths that bundle skeletal muscle are called: A) tendons. B) fibers. C) sarcolemma. D) fascia.
fascia
Which of the following statements about crush injuries is most accurate?
A) Only closed injuries can be classified as crush injuries.
B) The actual source of bleeding in crush injuries may be hard to identify.
C) A spongy sensation on palpation of the injured area indicates crush injury.
D) Crush injuries are easily identifiable because they invariably result in deformity.
the actual source of bleeding in crush injuries may be hard to identify
Which of the following is best described as the accumulation of a pocket of blood in the tissues? A) Hematoma B) Abrasion C) Compartment syndrome D) Contusion
hematoma
The acute breakdown of muscle fibers in crushing injury is called: A) myoglobinemia. B) sarcoidosis. C) rouleaux formation. D) rhabdomyolysis
rhabdomyolysis
When caring for an amputated part, which of the following principles apply?
1. Place the unwrapped part in a dry plastic bag, and seal it.
2. Place the part in a plastic bag with the part wrapped in gauze moistened with lactated Ringer’s
solution or normal saline, and seal it.
3. Always transport the part with the patient.
4. Keep the part moist, and place it in a container of cold water.
5. Keep the part dry, and place it in an ice-filled container.
A) 2, 4
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 3, 5
D) 2, 5
2, 4
You arrive on the scene of a patient with severe blunt trauma to the face. You hear gurgling
as you approach the patient. After opening the airway with a manual maneuver, what should your
next action be?
A) Ventilate
B) Apply a cervical collar
C) Control the source of hemorrhage
D) Suction
suction
Which of the following are likely to accumulate in the bloodstream following a large crush injury? A) Myoglobin B) Potassium C) Lactic acid D) All of the above
all of the above
Your patient is an 18-year-old man who stepped on a nail in the barnyard. The nail penetrated
his tennis shoe and punctured his foot. On your arrival, the patient has removed the nail and the
shoe. The wound is about 2 mm in diameter with minor bleeding that has been controlled. The
skin around the wound is red. The patient does not want to be transported but asks if you can
give him “some ointment and a Band-Aid.” You should explain to the patient that this type of
injury is associated with an increased risk of:
A) infection.
B) delayed bleeding.
C) scarring.
D) nerve damage.
infection
In which of the following ways does the integumentary system prevent pathogens from
entering the body?
A) Via humoral immunity
B) Via cell-mediated immunity
C) By secreting chemotactic factors
D) By providing a barrier to the environment
by providing a barrier to the environment
) In which type of soft tissue injury is the skin cut or torn, leaving a flap of skin attached? A) Avulsion B) Laceration C) Amputation D) Abrasio
avulsion
Your patient is a 35-year-old man who has his leg trapped under a section of concrete from
an industrial accident. While awaiting removal of the concrete, which type of IV fluid is
indicated for administration to this patient?
A) Five percent dextrose in water
B) Normal saline
C) Lactated Ringer’s
D) Whole blood
normal saline
