Chapter 4: Exercise Metabolism and Bioenergetics

Question 1

The study of energy in the human body

Answer 1

Bioenergetics

Question 2

All of the chemical reactions that occur in the body to maintain itself. Metabolism is a process in which nutrients are acquired, transported, used, and disposed of by the body.

Answer 2

Metabolism

Question 3

The examination of bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and demands placed on the body during exercise.

Answer 3

Exercise metabolism

Question 4

The material or substance on which an enzyme acts on

Answer 4

Substrates

Question 5

Organic compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which includes starches, cellulose, and Sugars, and are an important source of energy. All carbohydrates are eventually broken down in the body to Glucose, a simple sugar.

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

A simple sugar manufactured by the body from carbohydrates, fats, and to a lesser extent protein, which serves at is the body’s main source of fuel.

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

The complex carbohydrate molecule used to store carbohydrates in the liver and muscle cells. When carbohydrate energy is needed, glycogen is converted into glucose used by the muscle cells.

Answer 7

Glycogen

Question 8

One of the three main classes of foods and a source of energy in the body. Fat’s help the body use some vitamins and keep the skin healthy. They also serve as energy stores for the body. In food, there are two types of fats, saturated and unsaturated.

Answer 8

Fat

Question 9

The chemical or substrate form in which most Fats exist in food as well as in the human body.

Answer 9

Triglycerides

Question 10

Amino acids linked by peptide bonds, which consists of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and usually sulfur, and that has several essential biological compounds.

Answer 10

Protein

Question 11

The formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids.

Answer 11

Gluconeogenesis

Question 12

Energy storage and transfer units within the cells of the body.

Answer 12

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 13

A high-energy compound occurring in all cells from which Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is formed.

Answer 13

Adenosine Diphosphate

Question 14

the breakdown of triglycerides into smaller subunits called free fatty acids (FFA’s) to convert FFA’s into acyl-CoA molecules, which then are available to enter the krebs cycle and ultimately lead tot he production of additional ATP.

Answer 14

B-oxidation

Question 15

The state in which the body’s metabolism is elevated after exercise.

Answer 15

Excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC)