Chapter 4 Definitions Flashcards
antagonistic
in the opposite direction of movement (eg, the antagonistic motion of extension is flexion)
musculotendinous unit
the group formed by a muscle and its tendons
eccentric muscle contraction
a contraction in which the elongation of the muscle is voluntarily controleld. Lowering a weight is an example of an eccentric contraction.
etiology
the cause of a disease (also the study of the causes of disease)
hematoma
a collection of clotted blood within a confined space (hemat blood; oma tumor)
aspirate
the removal of fluid from the body using a needle and syringe
stem cell
generic cell types that can develop into specialized cells
osteoblasts
cells responsible for the formation of new bone
staphylococcal infection
an infection caused by staphylococcus bacteria
extracapsular
outside of the joint capsule
synovial membrane
the membrane lining a fluid-filled joint
furuncles
a boil characterized by redness, leakage of pus, and necrosis of the involved tissue
antalgic
having a pain-relieving quality; analgesic
sepsis
infection
hyaline cartilage
cartilage located on the articular surface of bones, especially suited to withstand compressive and shearing forces
ischemia
local and temporary deficiency of blood supply caused by the obstruction of blood flow to a body area
mosiacplasty
a procedure used to encourage the growth of articular cartilage where small holes are bored into the epiphysis
arthralgia
painful joints
axial load
a force applied through the long axis of a bone or series of bones
long bone
a bone possessing a base, shaft,a nd head
contracture
a pathological shortening of tissues causing a decrease in available motion
growth plates
the area of bone growth in skeletally immature individuals; the epiphyseal plate
avascular necrosis
death of cells secondary to lack of an adequate blood supply
diaphysis
the shaft of a long bone
