Chapter 4: Biomechanics Flashcards
The three planes of movement
Front, Sagittal, Transverse [Fig5]
*often clients will be more sore with sagittal and transverse.
Sagittal is left and right
Frontal is front and back
Transverse is above and below hips
Linear Motion
Body moves in a straight line or curved path
Angular Motion
Body rotates on an axis of rotation (fulcrum or pivot)
Kinematics
Study of movement without regard to forces
Kinetics:
Movement assessment with respect to involved forces
Fulcrum
Between two forces, seesaw.
First Class
Resistance & Applied force
F_R is located between the fulcrum and applied force
Second Class: going up on toes, fulcrum near the ends
F_A between fulcrum & F_R
Third class, most body joints are third class levers. Fulcrum near end, curling arm.
Work
Force * distance
Power
Work / time or F * V
What contributes to inefficient movements while exercising
-Muscle coactivation
-Jerk movements
-Excessive movements
-Isometric actions
-Excessing center of gravity excursions
What are the four characteristics of muscle?
Excitability, Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity
In muscle characteristics what does Excitability mean?
The muscles response to stimulus
In muscle characteristics what does Contractility mean?
The muscles ability to generate pulling force
In muscle characteristics what does Extensibility mean?
The muscles ability to lengthen or stretch
In muscle characteristics what does Elasticity mean?
The muscles ability to return to the original length and shape.
