Chapter 4 - Atomic Structure

Question 1

Dalton’s atomic theory

Answer 1

All matter is made of atoms, atoms are indivisible and indestructible, compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms

Question 2

Thompson’s Plum Pudding model (choc chip cookie)

Answer 2

One of several scientific models of the atom

Question 3

Rutherfords gold foil experiment

Answer 3

Rutherford took a sheet of gold foil, used a special gun to shoot atoms at the foil and some particles went through but others bounced off proving an atom was much more than just empty space and scattered electrons and two, an atom must have a positively charged center that contains most of its mass (which Rutherford termed as the nucleus).

Question 4

Protons, neutrons, electrons

Answer 4

Negatively charged, neutral, positively charged subatomic particles

Question 5

Atomic #

Answer 5

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table

Question 6

Mass #

Answer 6

total number of protons and neutrons (together known as nucleons) in an atomic nucleus.

Question 7

Isotope

Answer 7

each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element.

Question 8

Average Atomic Mass

Answer 8

the sum of the masses of its isotopes, each multiplied by its natural abundance (the decimal associated with percent of atoms of that element that are of a given isotope)