Chapter 4 - Animal Procurement and Transportation Flashcards
Describe animal procurement.
All animals MUST be acquired lawfully, and the receiving institution SHOULD ensure that all procedures involving animal procurement are conducted in a lawful manner.
Before procuring animals, what SHOULD the PI do? (2)
- Confirm sufficient facilities and expertise to house and manage the species being acquired
- Species SHOULD be linked to prior approval of animal use and number by the IACUC
If dogs and cats are obtained from random shelters, what SHOULD they be inspected for? Why?
Tattoos or identification devices, such as SQ transponders. Might indicate an animal was a pet, and ownership status SHOULD be verified
Attention SHOULD be given to the population status of the species under consideration. The threatened or endangered status of a species is updated how often by what group?
Annually by the Fish and Wildlife Service
What SHOULD be maintained for animals acquired by an institution for its investigators?
Appropriate records and other forms of documentation
What SHOULD potential vendors be evaluated for? What type of animal is recommended for use? Why?
Quality of animals they supply. Prefer purpose-bred and preconditioned animals, as their vendors regularly provide genetic and pathogen status of their colonies or individual animals and relevant clinical history.
In general, animals SHOULD not be obtained from where? Why?
Pet stores of pet distributors. Unknown or uncontrolled background of animals and potential for introducing health risks to personnel and other facility animals.
What SHOULD be breeding colonies be established base on?
Established based on need and managed according to principles of animal reduction, such as cryopreservation for rodent stocks or strains.
Which groups regulate transportation of animals?
AWR - Sets standards for interstate and export/import transportation of regulated species
International Air Transport Association (IATA) - Updates Live Animals Regulations annually and IATA member airlines and many countries agree to comply with these regulations to ensure the safe and human transport of animals by air
CDC and USDA - Enforce regulations to prevent importation of any animal or animal product capable of carrying a zoonotic disease
US Fish and Wildlife - Regulates importation/exportation of wild vertebrates and invertebrate animals and their tissues. As national authority arm of CITES, also regulates movement of CITES-listed species that are captive bred, including NHPs.
Why SHOULD institutions contact transport authorities?
Ensure compliance with any relevant statutes and other animal transport requirements that must be met for animals to cross international boundaries, including those not of the country of final destination.
Why group publishes what guidelines regarding animal transport?
NRC, Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals
Careful planning for all types of transportation SHOULD occur to ensure animal safety and well-being. The process of transportation SHOULD provide: (5)
- Appropriate level of animal biosecurity while minimizing zoonotic risk
- Protect against environmental extremes
- Avoid overcrowding
- Provide for animals’ physical, physiologic, or behavioral needs and comfort
- Protect animals and personnel from physical trauma
Movement of animals within or between sites or institutions SHOULD be planned and coordinated by responsible and well-trained persons at the sending and receiving sites to:
Minimize animal transit time or delays in receipt
When SHOULD animals arrive?
Shipping SHOULD be coordinated to ensure animals arrive during normal business hours, or if outside these hours, that someone is available to receive them.
All animals in transit SHOULD be accompanied by what? Why? What may this include?
Appropriate documentation to minimize delays in shipping and receipt. May include health certificates, sending and receiving institutions’ addresses and contacts, emergency procedures and veterinary contact information, and agency permits as needed.
