Chapter 4 Flashcards
The process of physical development, including development of the nervous system, is directed by ______.
Genes
Which figure from ancient Greece speculated that semen contained some sort of formulation for offspring?
Hippocrates
Heredity must involve the passing on of specific “organic factors,” not a simple blending of the parents’ characteristics. This best describe which of the follow experiments?
Mendel’s
The specific genetic makeup of a person is his or her ____
Genotype
Geneticists use the term
phenotype_______ to describe a person’s observable characteristics.
Phenotype
Both a person’s _______ and their environment influence their behaviour.
genes
The term ______ describes the specific genetic makeup of the person; the term ______ describes the person’s observable characteristics.
Genotype, Phenotype
What did Gregor Mendel use to explore genetics?
Garden Peas
Who first demonstrated that heredity involves the passing on of specific organic characteristics?
Mendel
A person’s specific genetic make up is his or her
Genotype
An individual’s observable characteristics that can be affected both by other genes and by the environment is the ______.
Phenotype
True or false: Chromosomes consist of two long, twisted strands of DNA, the chemical that carries genetic information.
True
The DNA portion of the chromosome carries the _____.
Genes
A typical somatic cell has _____pairs of chromosomes within it.
23
How many chromosomes are in a sex cell?
23
A double stranded, tightly coiled molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a _________
chromosome
Alternative forms of a gene that produce different characteristics are called
_________
Alleles
Which of the following is true of DNA?
DNA transmits instructions for cellular functioning.
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
DNA is an alternative form of a gene.
DNA is made up of chromosomes
DNA transmits instructions for cellular functioning.
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
Genes code for the production of
proteins
How many chromosomes are in a regular cell?
46
How many chromosomes are in a human egg or sperm cell?
23
If a gene is
_______the characteristics it controls will be displayed.
dominant
When a number of gene pairs combine their influences to create a single phenotypic trait it is known as polygenic________
Transmission
The term
_________ was first used to described lasting changes that were not due to genetic changes, but rather to changes around the genes.
epigentics