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a level chemistry > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards
1
Q 
Recall the formula for the following acids 
• Hydrochloric acid 
• Sulfuric acid 
• Nitric acid 
• Ethanoic acid
A

Hydrochloric- HCL
Sulfuric- H2SO4
Nitric- HNO3
Ethanoic- CH3COOH

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2
Q

Recall the formula for the following alkalis
•sodium hydroxide
• potassium hydroxide
• ammonia

A

Sodium hydroxide - NAOH
Potassium hydroxide- KOH
Ammonia- NH3

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3
Q

What do acids do when in aqueous solution?

A

Acids release H+ ions in aqueous solution

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4
Q

What do alkalis do when in aqueous solution?

A

Alkalis release OH- ions in aqueous solution

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5
Q

Definition of a strong acid

A

A strong acid completely dissociates in aqueous solution releasing all its hydrogen atoms as H+ ions

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6
Q

Definition of a weak acid

A

A weak acid partially dissociates in aqueous solution and only releases a small portion of its hydrogen atoms as H+ ions

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7
Q

Finish the word equation:

Acid + base —>

A

Salt + water

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8
Q

Finish the word equation:

Acid + Metal —->

A

Acid + metal —-> salt + hydrogen

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9
Q

Finish the word equation:

Acid + metal oxide/ hydroxide —>

A

Acid + metal oxide/ hydroxide —> salt + water

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10
Q

Finish the word equation:

Acid + metal carbonate —>

A

Acid + metal carbonate —> salt + carbon dioxide + water

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11
Q

Finish the word equation:

Ammonium + acid —>

A

Ammonium + acid —> ammonium salt

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12
Q

Explain how to prepare a standard solution

A

1) use a precise balance to measure the required amount of solid
2) transfer the solid into a beaker rinsing any excess into the beaker also, using distilled water
3) add more distilled water to the beaker to dissolve the solid and stir with a glass rod
4) transfer to a volumetric flask and rinse the beaker and rod with distilled water into the flask
5) fill the flask with distilled until the bottom of the meniscus meets the graduation line
6) put on the lip and invert several times

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13
Q

Explain how to carry out a titration

A

1) add a measured volume of one solution to a conical flask using a pipette
2) add the other to a burette and take the initial reading to the nearest 0.05 cm^3
3) add a few drops of indicator to the conical flask
4) run the solution into the flask while constantly swirling until you see a colour change
5) record the final reading and calculate the titre
5) repeat accurately until you get concordat results , which are within 0.1cm3 and calculate a mean titre

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14
Q

What to Roman numerals show?

A

Roman numbed also show the oxidation numbers

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15
Q

What is oxidation?

A

Oxidation is the addition of oxygen or the loss of electrons

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16
Q

What is reduction?

A

Reduction is the removal of oxygen/ gain of electrons

a level chemistry (21 decks)

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