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BIO 120 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which of the following is found in all cells?

A

Ribosomes

Cytoplasm

Genetic material

Plasma membrane

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2
Q

Identify the scientists who are credited with the cell theory.

A

Schleiden and Schwann

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3
Q

What theory is the unifying foundation of cell biology?

A

Cell Theory

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4
Q

Based on cell structure, all life forms can be placed into two categories called ___ and ____

A

eukaryotic

prokaryotic

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5
Q

What is found in all cells?

A

Ribosomes

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6
Q

Main points of the cell theory?

A

Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell.

Cells are the smallest living things.

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

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7
Q

Bacterial cells are encased by a strong cell wall of peptidoglycan. Which of the following accurately describes peptidoglycan?

A

Carbohydrate matrix cross-linked by short polypeptide units

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8
Q

Archaea differ from bacteria in which of the following ways?

A

They lack peptidoglycan.

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9
Q

The functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum include which of the following?

A

Protein synthesis

Protein sorting

Glycoprotein synthesis

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10
Q

Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum include which of the following?

A

Storage of calcium

Steroid synthesis

Assembly of membrane lipids

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11
Q

The core of lipid droplets could contain which of the following lipids?

A

Sterols

Triglycerides

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12
Q

What enzyme breaks down hydrogen peroxide to harmless substances in peroxisomes?

A

Catalase

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13
Q

Which of the following structures of the endomembrane system is not matched properly?

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum: Ca2+ storage

Rationale:

This is a function of the SMOOTH endoplasmic reticulum.

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14
Q

Functions that include glycoprotein production and protein sorting are characteristic of the _____ endoplasmic reticulum.

A

rough

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15
Q

Functions that include steroid synthesis and assembly of membrane lipids are characteristic of the ____ endoplasmic reticulum.

A

smooth

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16
Q

What are similarities between mitochondria and chloroplasts

A

Presence of DNA

Presence of protein synthesizing ribosomes

17
Q

Hydrophobic lipids are made soluble int he cytoplasm by being coated with _______.

A

phospholipid

18
Q

The central ______ of a plant cell is involved in maintaining the tonicity of the cell.

A

vacuole

19
Q

What does the mitochondrial matrix refer to?

A

The compartment inside of the inner membrane

20
Q

The functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum include?

A

Protein sorting

Glycoprotein synthesis

Protein synthesis

21
Q

What term describes a relationship, in which a smaller cell lives inside a larger cell?

A

Endosymbiosis

22
Q

Which part of the cell’s primary function is to support cell shape and anchor organelles to fixed locations?

A

Cytoskeleton

23
Q

Peroxisomes contain the enzyme catalase that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and _____.

A

water

24
Q

The fibers of the _____ provide the scaffolding to hold certain enzymes in place in a cell.

A

cytoskeleton

25
Q

Which fiber is involved with cellular crawling?

A

Actin

26
Q

Another term for actin filaments is ______.

A

Microfilaments

27
Q

Surface _____ give cells their identity. In multicellular organisms, this allows the recognition of cells that are the same tissue type.

A

protein

28
Q

Gap junctions can typically be in the ___ ___ of a cell.

A

Plasma

Membrane

BIO 120 (8 decks)

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