Chapter 15 Study Notes

Question 1

The region containing the RNA polymerase, the DNA template, and the growing RNA transcript is called the

Answer 1

Transcription bubble

Question 2

The universality of the genetic code is evidence for which of the following?

Answer 2

Common evolutionary heritage

Question 3

Transcription and translation of an mRNA molecule occur simultaneously in

Answer 3

prokaryotes

Question 4

How many RNA polymerases are found in prokaryotes (please answer by only entering a number)?

Answer 4

1

Question 5

In a bacterial transcription unit, the role of the _____ is to form a recognition and binding site for the RNA polymerase.

Answer 5

promoter

Question 6

RNA polymerase ______ is responsible for transcribing the mRNA from eukaryotic structural genes.

Answer 6

II

Question 7

Before it can bind to the promoter, a eukaryotic RNA polymerase II has to be recruited by

Answer 7

Several transcription factors

Question 8

In prokaryotes how do translation and transcription occur?

Answer 8

They are coupled

Question 9

RNA polymerase I transcribes

Answer 9

rRNA

Question 10

RNA polymerase II transcribes

Answer 10

mRNA

Question 11

RNA polymerase III transcribes

Answer 11

tRNA

Question 12

In the transcription elongation complex of eukaryotes, what is the function of the CTD?

Answer 12

It acts as a platform, which recruits elongation factors and RNA-modifying enzymes

Question 13

The poly-A tail of most mature eukaryotic mRNAs is found

Answer 13

at the 3’ end of the transcript

Question 14

True or false: Eukaryotic transcripts are not modified after transcription.

Answer 14

False

Reasoning: Eukaryotic transcripts can be modified with a 5’ cap or 3’ poly-A tail

Question 15

In the transcription elongation complex of eukaryotes, what is the CTD made of?

Answer 15

It consists of 7 amino acids repeated many times.

Question 16

The noncoding DNA sequences in a gene are termed which of the following?

Answer 16

Introns

Question 17

In prokaryotes how do translation and transcription occur?

Answer 17

They are coupled

Question 18

Most mature eukaryotic mRNAs have a string of nucleotides referred to as a poly-Input Field 1 of 1 A unavailable correct ______ tail.

Answer 18

A

Question 19

To create a functional RNA, the pre-mRNA undergoes a process known as splicing. During the splicing process, the _____ are removed and the remaining ______ are connected to each other.

Answer 19

Introns

Exons

Question 20

The start codon of an mRNA specifies which of the following amino acids?

Answer 20

Methionine