chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

The only attachment of the upper extremity to the axial skeleton is via the …..and its attachment through the …… at the……

A

scapula; clavicle, sternoclavicular joint

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2
Q

Which two bones are primary involved in the movement of the shoulder gridle?

A

scapula and clavicle

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3
Q

This joint is not a true synovial joint, due to its not having regular synovial features and to the fact that its movement is totally dependent on the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints

A

scapualtoracic

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4
Q

This joint is classified as an arthrodial joint. It has a 20- to 30-degree total gliding and rotational motion accompanying other shoulder girdle and shoulder joint motions.

A

acromicalavicular joint

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5
Q

This is classified as a (multiaxial) arthrodial joint although there is anatomical justification to classify it as a sellar joint. In relation to the manubrium of the sternum, the clavicle moves anteriorly 15 degrees with protraction and moves posteriorly 15 degreesPage 92 with retraction.

A

sternoclavicular joint

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6
Q

Movement of the scapula laterally away from the spinal column, as in reaching for an object in front of the body

A

Abduction (protraction)

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7
Q

Movement of the scapula medially toward the spinal column, as in pinching the shoulder blades together

A

adduction (retraction)

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8
Q

Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders

A

elevation

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9
Q

Downward or inferior movement of the scapula, as in returning to a normal position from a shoulder shrug

A

depression

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10
Q

Turning the glenoid fossa upward and moving the inferior angle superiorly and laterally away from the spinal column to assist in raising the arm out to the side

A

upward rotation

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11
Q

Returning the inferior angle medially and inferiorly toward the spinal column and the glenoid fossa to its normal position, as in bringing the arm down to the side. (Once the scapula has returned to its anatomical position, further downward rotation actually results in the superior angle moving slightly superomedial.)

A

downward rotation

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12
Q

true or false:The shoulder joint and shoulder girdle work together in carrying out upper-extremity activities

A

true

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13
Q

Consequential movement during abduction in which the scapula rotates about its vertical axis, resulting in posterior movement of the medial border and anterior movement of the lateral border

A

lateral tilt

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14
Q

Return from lateral tilt; consequential movement during extreme adduction in which the scapula rotates about its vertical axis, resulting in anterior movement of the medial border and posterior movement of the lateral border

A

medial tilt

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15
Q

Consequential rotational movement of the scapula about the frontal axis occurring during hyperextension of the glenohumeral joint, resulting in the superior border moving anteroinferiorly and the inferior angle moving posterosuperiorly

A

anteiror tilt

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16
Q

Consequential rotational movement of the scapula about the frontal axis occurring during hyperflexion of the glenohumeral joint, resulting in the superior border moving posteroinferiorly and the inferior angle moving anterosuperiorly

A

posterior tilt

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17
Q

Scapula is an …… bone.

A

ireggular

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18
Q

Shoulder girdle serves as a ……from which the ……..moves

A

base; upper extremity moves

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19
Q

Scapula provides attachment point of the …..

A

upper extremity

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20
Q

true or falseScapula and clavicle move as a unit

21
Q

point which sternum and clavicle come together

A

sternoclavicular joint

22
Q

Name the three types of joints

A

sternoclavicular joint
suprathoracic joint
acromclavicular joint

23
Q

Sternal end of clavicle with manubrium of sternum, aided by fibrocartilage articular discs

A

sternoclavicular joint

24
Q

What type of joint does the sternoclavicular joint have?

A

arthroidial joint or saddle joint

25
What movement occurs in the sternoclavicular joint?
Clavicle moves 15° anteriorly with protraction, posteriorly with retraction, rotation during vigorous shoulder movement
26
Clavicle moves...... anteriorly with protraction, posteriorly with retraction, rotation during vigorous shoulder movement
15 Degrees
27
Acromial end of clavicle with acromion process of scapula
acromiclavicular joint
28
What type of joint does the acromclavicular joint have?
atrhrodial joint
29
What type of movement occurs in the acromicalavicular joint?
: Slight gliding motion (20-30°) between clavicle and scapula during other shoulder motions
30
scapula and loose connective tissue between ...........
scapulathoraic joint : seratus anterior & subcapularis msucles
31
Scapulathoracic joint is also called the "......" joint.
False
32
What type of movements occur in the scapulathoacic joint?
25° abduction-adduction, 60 ° upward/downward rotation, 55 ° elevation-depression
33
Movements at shoulder girdle have common pivot point at SC joint.
sc joint
34
Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders
elevation
35
Downward or inferior movement of the scapula, as in returning to a normal from a shoulder shrug
depression
36
Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders
Elevation
37
Shoulder girdle muscles stabilize the ..... during shoulder joint actions
scapula
38
Without movement of shoulder girdle, could only raise humerus to.... of shoulder abduction and flexion
90-120
39
name the five muscles
``` seratus anterior levator scapula rhombodies trapeizius pectoralis minor ```
40
Muscles all orginate...
All originate on axial skeleton and insert on scapula or clavicle
41
Scapula ......... stronger than retractors
protractors & depressors
42
Places stress on......spinal muscles, ......joint compromised
posterior spinal muscles, glenohumeral joint compromised
43
What are the four bullet points to practice good posture?
Appropriate lumbar lordotic curve Shoulder girdle positioned over pelvis Maintains head and cervical spine over trunk Eases inspiration
44
Medial border falls away from the ribcage and protrudes posteriorly
Winged Scapula
45
Usually results from weakness of which two muscles?
of serratus anterior and/or rhomboids
46
What exercises can strengthen trapezius?
Shrugs, dips, bent over rows
47
What exercises can strenghten the rhombodius?
Chin ups, dips, and bent over rows
48
What exercises can strengthen the serratus anterior ?
Throwing a ball; punching, push-ups; bench press; overhead press
49
What exercises can strengthen the pectoralis minor?
Wall push up