chapter 4 Flashcards
The only attachment of the upper extremity to the axial skeleton is via the …..and its attachment through the …… at the……
scapula; clavicle, sternoclavicular joint
Which two bones are primary involved in the movement of the shoulder gridle?
scapula and clavicle
This joint is not a true synovial joint, due to its not having regular synovial features and to the fact that its movement is totally dependent on the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints
scapualtoracic
This joint is classified as an arthrodial joint. It has a 20- to 30-degree total gliding and rotational motion accompanying other shoulder girdle and shoulder joint motions.
acromicalavicular joint
This is classified as a (multiaxial) arthrodial joint although there is anatomical justification to classify it as a sellar joint. In relation to the manubrium of the sternum, the clavicle moves anteriorly 15 degrees with protraction and moves posteriorly 15 degreesPage 92 with retraction.
sternoclavicular joint
Movement of the scapula laterally away from the spinal column, as in reaching for an object in front of the body
Abduction (protraction)
Movement of the scapula medially toward the spinal column, as in pinching the shoulder blades together
adduction (retraction)
Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders
elevation
Downward or inferior movement of the scapula, as in returning to a normal position from a shoulder shrug
depression
Turning the glenoid fossa upward and moving the inferior angle superiorly and laterally away from the spinal column to assist in raising the arm out to the side
upward rotation
Returning the inferior angle medially and inferiorly toward the spinal column and the glenoid fossa to its normal position, as in bringing the arm down to the side. (Once the scapula has returned to its anatomical position, further downward rotation actually results in the superior angle moving slightly superomedial.)
downward rotation
true or false:The shoulder joint and shoulder girdle work together in carrying out upper-extremity activities
true
Consequential movement during abduction in which the scapula rotates about its vertical axis, resulting in posterior movement of the medial border and anterior movement of the lateral border
lateral tilt
Return from lateral tilt; consequential movement during extreme adduction in which the scapula rotates about its vertical axis, resulting in anterior movement of the medial border and posterior movement of the lateral border
medial tilt
Consequential rotational movement of the scapula about the frontal axis occurring during hyperextension of the glenohumeral joint, resulting in the superior border moving anteroinferiorly and the inferior angle moving posterosuperiorly
anteiror tilt
Consequential rotational movement of the scapula about the frontal axis occurring during hyperflexion of the glenohumeral joint, resulting in the superior border moving posteroinferiorly and the inferior angle moving anterosuperiorly
posterior tilt
Scapula is an …… bone.
ireggular
Shoulder girdle serves as a ……from which the ……..moves
base; upper extremity moves
Scapula provides attachment point of the …..
upper extremity
true or falseScapula and clavicle move as a unit
true
point which sternum and clavicle come together
sternoclavicular joint
Name the three types of joints
sternoclavicular joint
suprathoracic joint
acromclavicular joint
Sternal end of clavicle with manubrium of sternum, aided by fibrocartilage articular discs
sternoclavicular joint
What type of joint does the sternoclavicular joint have?
arthroidial joint or saddle joint
What movement occurs in the sternoclavicular joint?
Clavicle moves 15° anteriorly with protraction, posteriorly with retraction, rotation during vigorous shoulder movement
Clavicle moves…… anteriorly with protraction, posteriorly with retraction, rotation during vigorous shoulder movement
15 Degrees
Acromial end of clavicle with acromion process of scapula
acromiclavicular joint
What type of joint does the acromclavicular joint have?
atrhrodial joint
What type of movement occurs in the acromicalavicular joint?
: Slight gliding motion (20-30°) between clavicle and scapula during other shoulder motions
scapula and loose connective tissue between ………..
scapulathoraic joint : seratus anterior & subcapularis msucles
Scapulathoracic joint is also called the “……” joint.
False
What type of movements occur in the scapulathoacic joint?
25° abduction-adduction, 60 ° upward/downward rotation, 55 ° elevation-depression
Movements at shoulder girdle have common pivot point at SC joint.
sc joint
Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders
elevation
Downward or inferior movement of the scapula, as in returning to a normal from a shoulder shrug
depression
Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders
Elevation
Shoulder girdle muscles stabilize the ….. during shoulder joint actions
scapula
Without movement of shoulder girdle, could only raise humerus to…. of shoulder abduction and flexion
90-120
name the five muscles
seratus anterior levator scapula rhombodies trapeizius pectoralis minor
Muscles all orginate…
All originate on axial skeleton and insert on scapula or clavicle
Scapula ……… stronger than retractors
protractors & depressors
Places stress on……spinal muscles, ……joint compromised
posterior spinal muscles, glenohumeral joint compromised
What are the four bullet points to practice good posture?
Appropriate lumbar lordotic curve
Shoulder girdle positioned over pelvis
Maintains head and cervical spine over trunk
Eases inspiration
Medial border falls away from the ribcage and protrudes posteriorly
Winged Scapula
Usually results from weakness of which two muscles?
of serratus anterior and/or rhomboids
What exercises can strengthen trapezius?
Shrugs, dips, bent over rows
What exercises can strenghten the rhombodius?
Chin ups, dips, and bent over rows
What exercises can strengthen the serratus anterior ?
Throwing a ball; punching, push-ups; bench press; overhead press
What exercises can strengthen the pectoralis minor?
Wall push up
