CHapter 10 Flashcards
What is the fucntion of the ankle and foot?
Support and Propulsion
True or False?Many of the bones and joints of the lower leg and foot share similarities with the bones and joints of the forearm and hand
True
Name the two bones of the ankle and foot. Which is lateral and which is medial?
Tibia and fibula…
Lateral is Fibula
Medial is Tibia
The hindfoot (rear) is composed of two bones….
Calcaneous and talus
The midfoot consit of
tarsal bones
The forefoot consits of
metatarsals and phalanges
How many phlanxes are in each toe?
only 2 in the big toe and the rest have three
Arches of the foot are formed by
Supprting ligaments, muscles, fascia, bone shape
Longitudinal arch Medial Important for....... mplicated in ........ Primarily supported dynamically by ........ posterior and .......anterior
Longitudinal arch Medial Important for shock absorption Implicated in foot problems Primarily supported dynamically by tibialis posterior and tibialis anterior
Talucual joint is another name for
Ankle joint
Tacural joint has articulation of
Calculatneous, talus, distal fibula, distal tibia
Ankle is more stable in ……….than ……. flexion, because anterior portion of …….. is wider than posterior portion
Ankle is more stable in dorsiflexion than plantar flexion, because anterior portion of talus is wider than posterior portion
Plantar flexion:
Dorsal flexion:
Plantar flexion: 50°
Dorsal flexion: 15-20 °
Turning at the ankle and foot outward (abduction)
Eversion
Turning the ankle and foot inward (adduction
Inversion
During inversion… weight is where?
During eversion… weight is where?
Weight is on lateral edge of foot
Weight is on medial edge of foot
Toes move towards plantar surface
Flexion
Toes move towards dorsal surface
Extension
Combination of movement in 3 planes simultaneously: ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction (toe-out)
Pronation
Combination of movement in 3 planes simultaneously: ankle plantar flexion, subtalar inversion, and forefoot adduction (toe-in)
Supination
Covering all muscles on plantar aspect is the….
Covering all muscles on plantar aspect is the plantar fascia
Height of arch described by distance between top of ……
navicular bone and the ground
Low arch (flat feet) will indicate what type of injury….
High arch
Over-pronation, difficulty supporting weight on toes, heal pain
Oversupinaton and heel pain
Inflammation of the plantar fascia
plantar facitis
What is the treatment for plantar facitis?
rest, streching , orthodocis
Acchiles tendon can be strained by
Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles may be strained from increased activity, especially running and jumping
and repated plantar flexion
Tears in the interosseous membrane
Microfractures of tibia
Inflammation of the tibial or fibular periosteum
Injuries to tibialis posterior/anterior, soleus, extensor digitorum longus
Shin splits
