Chapter 3

Question 1

Study of physical actions of forces

Answer 1

Mechanics

Question 2

Study of mechanics as it relates to the functional and anatomical analysis of biological systems

Answer 2

Biomechanics

Question 3

used to increase the applied force (effort) in performing a task

Answer 3

Machine

Question 4

Machine provide mechanical advantage : What are they?

Answer 4

Can apply a relatively small force to move a greater resistance

Move one point of an object a small distance to result in a large amount of movement of another point of the object

Question 5

Can be calculated using which two formulas”

Answer 5

MA=Res/force

MA= Length of force arm/ resistance of force arm

Question 6

machines fucntion to :

Answer 6

1. balance multiple forces
2. enhance force
3. enhance range of motion and speed of movement
4. alter resulting direction of applied force

Question 7

In the human body, arrangement of musculoskeletal system provides 3 types:

Answer 7

levers
wheels/axels
pulleys

Question 8

Most common form of simple machine in the human body

Answer 8

Lever

Question 9

Rigid bar that turns about an axis of rotation (fulcrum)

Answer 9

lever

Question 10

Lever has another name also known as….

Answer 10

Fulcrum

Question 11

Lever rotates as a result of ….. being applied to it, causing its movement against a …..

Answer 11

force; resistance

Question 12

Resistance is in the middle

Answer 12

Second class lever

Question 13

Axis is in the middle

Answer 13

First class lever

Question 14

force is in the middle

Answer 14

Third class lever

Question 15

What is movement doing in the first class lever?

Answer 15

Movement is balanced

Question 16

Produce speed and range of motion when axis is close to force

Answer 16

siccors ; first class lever

Question 17

Produce force motion when axis is close to resistance

Answer 17

Crow bar: first class lever

Question 18

Agonist produces the…..whereas the antagonist supplies the …

Answer 18

force; resistance `

Question 19

Large resistance can be moved by a relatively small

force

Answer 19

second class lever

Question 20

examples: tiptoe in the body and wheelbarrow and nuttcracker

Answer 20

second class lever

Question 21

Produce speed and range of motion movements

Answer 21

third class lever

Question 22

examples of third class lever.

requries a great deal of force to move a small resisitance

Answer 22

paddling and shoveling

Question 23

what is the most common third class lever in the human body?

Answer 23

Biceps brachi; flexing elbow

Question 24

example : Biceps Brachii flexing elbow
Axis= 
Force= 
Resistance=
Results in moving forearm

Answer 24

Elbow joint
applied by biceps brachii at its insertion on radius
Resistance=weight of arm, additional objects
Results in moving forearm

Question 25

Moment of force, or the turning effect of an eccentric force

Answer 25

torque

Question 26

force applied off center Applied force not in line with object’s center of gravity Causes rotation Contracting muscles apply eccentric forces to the bone on which it attaches, causing the bone to rotate about the axis (joint)

Answer 26

eccentric force

Question 27

Distance between the axis and the point of resistance application

Answer 27

resistance arm

Question 28

What is the lever equation?

Answer 28

force x force arm = resistance x resistance arm

Question 29

Know how to perfrom math calc

Answer 29

refer to ppt

Question 30

Human leverage system is built for ...

Answer 30

speed and range of motion at the expense of force

Question 31

A single.....changes effective direction of force application

Answer 31

pulley

Question 32

What law is thisA body in motion tends to remain in motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force

Answer 32

newton law of interia

Question 33

A body in..... tends to remain in ..... at the same .... in a straight line unless acted on by a ....

Answer 33

motion; motion; speed; force.

Question 34

Muscles produce force to ...

Answer 34

start, stop, accelerate, deecerlate, and change the direction of moton

Question 35

the rate of change in velocity

Answer 35

accelration

Question 36

A change in the acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it

Answer 36

newton law of accelation

Question 37

The change in acceleration is directly proportional to the .... causing it and inversely proportional to the .....

Answer 37

force ; mass of the body

Question 38

For every action there is an opposite and equal reaction

Answer 38

Newton law of reaction

Question 39

state of zero acceleration No change in speed or direction of the body Static or dynamic

Answer 39

equiliibrium

Question 40

ability to control equilibrium

Answer 40

balance

Question 41

resistance to change in the body’s equilibrium | Maximize stability to achieve balance

Answer 41

stability

Question 42

point at which all of the body’s mass and weight is equally balanced

Answer 42

center of gravity

Question 43

where is the center of gravity located ?

Answer 43

inersection of 3 cardinal planes

Question 44

What are the main source of force that allows us to change movments of body ?

Answer 44

msucles

Question 45

if the axis is near the force... then the mechanail advatnage is said to be ?

Answer 45

less than 1

Question 46

if the axis is near the resistance...then the mechanical advatnage is said to be..

Answer 46

greater than 1

Question 47

force applied to wheel

Answer 47

mroe than 1

Question 48

force applied to axle

Answer 48

less than ` | 1