Chapter 11 Flashcards
…articulatingvertebrae that are free moving; ….that are fused
….pairs of spinal nerves
24 articulatingvertebrae that are free moving; 9 that are fused
31 pairs of spinal nerves
What are the three functions of the spinal collumn?
Support and posture
protect the spinal cord
supports the wright of the body above the pelvis `
Composed of …….vertebrae stacked into a column, each separated by a…..and joined by …..
33 verterbare stacked into a column, each sperated by a cartinlagous disc and joined by ligaments and muscles.
How many transverse and spinous proccesss are there?
2 transverse and 1 spinous
the disc contain An outer rim of dense fibrocartilage ........ Central gelatinous, pulpy substance .......
Annulus fibrosus
Nucleus Puplosus
the functions of the intervertebral disks are
Function
Space the vertebrae
Shock absorption
Allows compression and torsion
what are the names of the first two vertebrare?
atlas and axis
Slipped disc’
Age, injury make intervertebral disks less resilient, resulting in a weakened ……
herinated Nucleus Populus
annulus fibrousus
how many ribs are true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs ?
7 true ribs
5 pairs of false ribs
3 attached indirectly to the sternum
2 of these false ribs are floating ribs
there is more movemnt in the ______ and _______ regions of the spinal column than in the ______region.
Cervical and lumbar
Thoracic
Why is there not much movment in the thoraic region?
Because of the ribs
Name the two joints
atlantooccipatial joint
and atlanoaxial joint
Describe the atlantoccipatal joint
condyloid joint
occiptal condyoles on the first fossa of the verterbra Capital flexion, extension, slight lateral flexion
Describe the atlantoaxial joint
Pivot joint Atlas and axis
More movement than between other vertebrae: rotation
Anterior movement of the spine
Spinal flexion
head moves towards the chest
Cervical flexion
Thorax moves toward the pelvis
lumbar flexion
Posterior movement of the spine
Spinal extension
head moves away from the chest
cervical extension
thorax moves away from the pelvis
lumbar extension
Head moves laterally toward the shoulder
cervical lateral flexion
Thorax moves laterally toward the pelvis
Lumbar lateral flexion
Excessive curvature of thoracic spine
Hunchback/round shoulders
Kyposhisos
Excessive curvature of the lumbar spine
Swayback
Lordosis
Excessive lateral curvature of the spinal column
Usually in thoracic spine, but may also occur in cervical and lumbar spine
Scolosis
What exercises can help strengthen the errector Spinae muscles?
Back extension and dead lifts
how can the quadratus lumbraom be strenghtened?
Strengthened by trunk rotation, lateral flexion against resistance
described as a sway back
lordisidis
Described as having a hunchback or round shouders
kyphosis
