Chapter 4&5 Flashcards
Versailles
palace of Louis XIV, symbol of his wealth
puritans
wanted to purify the Anglican Church of catholic practices
constitutional government
government power is limited by law
cabinet
group of advisors to the monarch
divine right
authority to rule comes from God
mercenaries
soldiers for hire
intendants
royal officials who carry out royal orders
natural law
rules discovered by use of reason
Thomas Hobbes
believed in a powerful government to control the people
social contract
people give up their freedom to government for security
Montesquieu
believed government powers should be divided between 3 branches of government
Rousseau
had faith in general will of the people
laissez fairs
economy should have little government regulation
censorship
restricting access to ideas and information
salon
gathering where ideas are shared
baroque
a grand, formal style of art
rococo
a light, delicate style of art
Adam Smith
he argued for a free market
popular sovereignty
government power comes from the people
physiocrats
economic system should be based on natural laws of economics
Describe the Tudors relationship with the British parliament
respectful and cooperative
What was the importance of the Glorious Revolution?
monarch’s power weakened
What was the effect of the French Huguenots being kicked out of France?
hurt the French economy
What was the importance of the Treaty of Westphalia?
ended 30 Years’ War
How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment?
encouraged people to use reason to understand social, political issues
Describe the ideas of Thomas Hobbes and Jean Jacques Rousseau
Hobbes: need strong government; Rousseau: believed in general will of people
What profession were Haydn, Bach, Mozart, and Handel?
composers
Describe the beliefs of an enlightened despot
supported censorship, but also supported Enlightenment ideas
What were the ideas expressed by Adam Smith?
supported free market economy
Who was Mary Wollenstonecraft and why was she important?
equal education for boys and girls
Why did Enlightenment writers often face censorship?
challenged monarch’s power
levee
court ceremony celebrating the king’s rising
